Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 136
A synthesis of data and analyses identified eight separate wildfire events (five in boreal Canada and three in the western United States) that impacted the Pittsburgh Supersite, as well as Toronto, during June and July 2002. These data also revealed a larger structure in the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest, International
Keywords: boreal fire, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air pollution, Canada, stagnant conditions, wildfires, synoptic
In many regions of the world, fires are an important and highly variable source of air pollutant emissions, and they thus constitute a significant if not dominant factor controlling the interannual variability of the atmospheric composition. This paper describes the 41-year…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, wildfires, greenhouse gases, air pollutants, carbon emissions, area burned
Resolving environmental impacts caused by the wildland–urban interface (WUI) expansion such as wildlife habitat fragmentation, or increased fire risk entails an accurate delineating of WUI boundary and its dynamics prediction. This study identified WUIs throughout the 11 states…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Intelligence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Alabama, Arkansas, fire damage (property), fire frequency, fire intensity, fire suppression, Florida, fragmentation, Kentucky, Georgia, land management, landscape ecology, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, population density, remote sensing, rural communities, SFP - Southern Fire Portal, South Carolina, statistical analysis, Tennessee, urban habitats, vegetation surveys, Virginia, water quality, wildlife, wildlife habitat management
Smoke from wildland burning in association with fog has been implicated as a visibility hazard over roadways in the United States. Visibilities at accident sites have been estimated in the range from 1 to 3 m (extinction coefficients between 1000 and 4000). Temperature and…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fog, forest fires, visibility, humidity, temperature, radiative forcing, water vapor, water content, combustion, coniferous forests, fire management, forest management, Georgia, moisture, national forests, Pinus taeda, pollution, radiation, season of fire, smoke management, South Carolina, water, statistical analysis
Burned area is a critical input to the algorithms of biomass burning emissions and understanding variability in fire activity due to climate change but it is difficult to estimate. This study presents a robust algorithm to reconstruct the patterns in burned areas across…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: burned area, diurnal, GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, biomass burning, spatial variability, temporal variability
This study quantifies the impact of the fires in California in fall 2007 on regional air quality and especially on surface ozone by analyzing surface observations of ozone concentrations together with global chemistry transport model simulations. The latter include a synthetic…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, NO2 - nitrogen dioxide, ozone, pollution, O3 - ozone, wildfire, surface ozone
In this study we have evaluated the role of wildfires on concentrations of fine particle (d < 2.5 µm) organic carbon (OC) and particulate mass (PM2.5) in the Western United States for the period 1988-2004. To do this, we examined the relationship between mean summer PM2.5…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM2.5, area burned, biomass consumption, organic carbon, PM - particulate matter, biomass burning, biomass fuel, IMPROVE, wildfire
Because forest fires emit substantial NOx and hydrocarbons-known contributors to O3 production-we hypothesize that interannual variation in western U.S. O3 is related to the burned area. To evaluate this hypothesis we used a gridded database of western U.S. summer burned area (…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: biomass consumption, burned area, ozone, temperature, biomass burning, O3 - ozone, CASTNET
A wide range of scientific and technical literature regarding prescribed burning in Australia was collated and analyzed. Literature was classified according to the place of publication (local, state, national, and international) and the broad content of the publication (land…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: land management, literature review, fauna, flora, Australia, smoke production, water resources, soil resource, bibliography, ecology, fire frequency, fire management, fuel management, human caused fires, land management, sclerophyll vegetation, statistical analysis, water
Wildland fires are a major contributor to national and international greenhouse gas emissions, adding as much as 126.4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States during 2005 (US EPA 2007b). Active forest and wildland fire management strategies can…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, CO2 - carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases
In wildland fires, gaseous fuel released from the thermal degradation of vegetation is burnt in the flame surrounding the solid. The gaseous fuel is a complex and variable mixture including mainly CO, CH4, CO2, and other light hydrocarbons (C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6). For the first…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, mechanisms, oxidation
A number of previous modeling studies have assessed the implications of projected CO2-induced climate change for future terrestrial ecosystems. However, although current understanding of possible long-term response of vegetation to elevated CO2 and CO2-induced climate change in…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: boreal forest, climate change, GCMs - general circulation models, LAI - leaf area index, tropical forest, fire emissions, global potential natural vegetation distribution, HadCM climate model, NPP - net primary production, SRESA1B 2100 climate model
The proposal addresses AFP 2004-1, Task 1. The goal of this project is to demonstrate and implement the most advanced technologies for measurements of smoke particulates in real-time. It will focus on obtaining and documenting critical, time-sensitive information on the three-…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, aerosols, visibility, firefighter health, FCAMMS - Fire Consortia for Advanced Modeling of Meteorology and Smoke, public health, particulate emissions
A 60-minute video recorded in September 2008 as part of the Effective Communication for Smoke Management in a Changing Air Quality Environment workshops. This presentation explains the US EPA's policy on smoke management, updates to this policy, and several regulatory actions…
Person: Gillam
Year: 2008
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, haze, non-attainment area, smoke management, health effects, smoke management program, fine particulates, EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, exceptional event
The goal of the project was to fulfill a thorough investigation of (1) the potential and limitations of the remote sensing lidar technique when operating in smoky polluted atmospheres, and (2) the ability of lidar in providing the accurate real time information on smoke plume…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, particulates, aerosols, smoke dispersion
On the basis of burned area, biomass density, burn efficiency and emission factor, annual emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from wildfires in China are estimated for the period from 1950 to 2005. During that period, 7.8 x 106 and 7.5 x 106 Mg of biomass are…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, biogeochemical cycles, biomass, C - carbon, China, cover, fire management, grasslands, hydrocarbons, Japan, Mongolia, Russia, savannas, season of fire, smoke management, wildfires, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wildfires, emission, outflow
Carbon sequestration in agroecosystems represents a significant opportunity to offset a portion of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Climatic conditions in the Virginia coastal plain and modern production practices make it possible for high annual photosynthetic CO2 fixation. There…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: agriculture, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, coastal plain, croplands, decomposition, ecosystem dynamics, fire dependent species, Glycine max, histories, Hordeum, Hordeum vulgare, organic matter, photosynthesis, soil management, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soil permeability, soils, statistical analysis, tillage, Triticum, Triticum aestivum, Virginia, Zea, Zea mays, no-till, carbon sequestration, soil quality, biosolids
Atmospheric measurements of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) were made at Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO), located in Oregon's Cascade Range, to understand the trans-Pacific and regional transport of SOCs from urban areas. High volume air sampling (~644 m3 for 24 h periods)…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, C - carbon, Cascades Range, chemical compounds, chlorine, gases, hydrocarbons, Oregon, sampling, smoke management, soils, vegetation surveys, volatilization, wildfires
In Portugal, during summer 2003, unusually large forested areas (>300,000 ha) were destroyed by fire, emitting pollutants to the atmosphere. During this period, aerosol samples were collected in the Aveiro region, and analysed for total mass and a set of inorganic and organic…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, C - carbon, chemical compounds, distribution, Europe, fire management, organic matter, particulates, pollution, Portugal, K - potassium, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, wood, atmospheric aerosols, Portugal, forest fires, levoglucosan, K - potassium, monosugars, polyols, diacids
Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) from simulated grassland and forest fires were quantitatively sampled to derive emission factors in support of PCDD/F inventory development. Grasses from Kentucky and Minnesota; forest shrubs…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: air quality, ash, biomass, C - carbon, chemical compounds, combustion, coniferous forests, Cyrilla racemiflora, field experimental fires, fire management, Florida, forest management, grasses, grasslands, Ilex glabra, Kentucky, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oregon, Piedmont, Pinus contorta, Pinus monticola, Pinus strobus, Pinus taeda, pollution, range management, sampling, shrublands, shrubs, Tsuga heterophylla, volatilization, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF, biomass, pollution, forest, grass
Aerosols from wildfires are the primary aerosols in the Arctic atmosphere during the summer months. These aerosols occur in large, increasing quantities and impact the sensitive radiative balance in the Arctic. FROSTFIRE, a controlled burn in a Long-Term Ecological Research Area…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Arctic, boreal forests, C - carbon, duff, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, firing techniques, forest management, fuel accumulation, gases, organic matter, K - potassium, sampling, smoke effects, smoke management, soil nutrients, watersheds, wildfires, wind, impactor, wildfire, Arctic
Anthropogenic understory fires affect large areas of tropical forest, particularly during severe droughts. Yet, the mechanisms that control tropical forests' susceptibility to fire remain ambiguous. We tested the widely accepted hypothesis that Amazon forest fires increase…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Amazon, Brazil, C - carbon, diameter classes, droughts, experimental fires, fine fuels, fire frequency, fire management, flammability, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, human caused fires, ignition, leaves, liana, litter, microclimate, moisture, mortality, overstory, population density, rate of spread, savannas, scrub, soil moisture, South America, succession, surface fuels, tropical forests, understory vegetation, wildfires, woody fuels, Brazilian Amazon, carbon emissions, feedbacks, forest-savanna transitions, large-scale experimental burns, Mato Grosso transitional forests, tropical forests, tropical wildfires
To understand how boreal forest carbon (C) dynamics might respond to anticipated climatic changes, we must consider two important processes. First, projected climatic changes are expected to increase the frequency of fire and other natural disturbances that would change the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: age classes, air quality, boreal forests, Canada, C - carbon, coniferous forests, decomposition, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, forest management, climate change, organic matter, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, plant growth, statistical analysis, wildfires, Canada, CBM-CFS3 - Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector, global change
Based on round-the-clock measurements in 1997-2005 in West Siberia at the Aerosol Station (Tomsk) of the directed scattering coefficient of the dry matter of submicron aerosol and black carbon (BC) mass concentration in particles, the influence of forest fire smoke on the…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Asia, biomass burning, C - carbon, fire management, forest management, particulates, peat fires, peatlands, radiation, Russia, Siberia, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, wildfires, submicron atmospheric aerosol, black carbon, BC mass fraction, forest fires
Mercury emissions from wildfires are significant natural sources of atmospheric mercury, but little is known about what controls speciation of emissions important to mercury deposition processes. The goal of this study was to quantify gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Adenostoma, air quality, Arctostaphylos, biomass, C - carbon, combustion, fire management, fuel management, fuel moisture, leaves, Hg - mercury, moisture, needles, Oryza sativa, particulates, Pinus contorta, Pinus ponderosa, Sabal palmetto, S - sulfur, wildfires