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Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 308
Presented by Inga La Puma on Wednesday, January 30th, 2019 at the Northeastern Forest Fire Protection Compact Winter Awareness Meeting.
Person: La Puma
Year: 2019
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: smoke effects, health effects, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, CO - carbon monoxide, O3 - ozone, smoke management plans, smoke dispersion
Background: An important consequence of wildland fire is the production of ash, defined as a continuum of mineral to charred organic residues formed by the burning of wildland fuels. Ash may impact soil health depending on its elemental composition and other factors, which are…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: Wisconsin, pine barrens, brush cutting, disturbance, forest management, Moquah Barrens, pyrometer, ash
The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) is designed to collect integrated observations from large wildland fires and provide evaluation datasets for new models and operational systems. Wildland fire, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric chemistry models have become…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, mixed conifer forest, southern pine forests, plume dynamics, dispersion, chemistry
A series of small-scale laboratory fires were conducted to study the relationship between fuel type, moisture content, energy released and emissions during the combustion process of live wildland fuels. The experimental design sought to understand the effects that varying…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): California, Eastern
Keywords: FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, moisture content, remote sensing, pyrophytic, laboratory fires, fuel type, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter
Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (OH-Pyr) is widely used for biomonitoring human exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from air pollution and tobacco smoke. However, there have been few rigorous validation studies reported to ensure reliable OH-Pyr determination for…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, firefighters, air pollution, Fort McMurray Fire, firefighter health, risk assessment, smoke exposure, urinary biomarkers
The damage caused by forest fire to forestry resources and economy is quite serious. As one of the most important characters of early forest fire, smoke is widely used as a signal of forest fire. In this paper, we propose a novel forest fire smoke detection method based on…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke detection, smoke root, interactive modeling, fire detection
The rate of deforestation in Brazil increased by 29% between 2015 and 2016, resulting in an increase of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of 9%. Deforestation fires in the Amazonia are the main source of GHG in Brazil. In this work, amounts of CO2, CO, main hydrocarbon gases and…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, Amazon, emission factors, PM2.5, CO2 - carbon dioxide, forest fires, greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation
The impact of smoke on human health is a factor that is taken into account when forest managers are planning prescribed burns. David Weise, a research forester with the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, explains how research seeks to improve the ability for…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: human health, Clean Air Act, air quality
The extent of the Earth’s surface burned annually by fires is affected by a number of drivers, including but not limited to climate. Other important drivers include the amount and type of vegetation (fuel) available and human impacts, including fire suppression, ignition, and…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: area burned, climate change, fire activity, systems approach, area burned, human impacts
The boreal forest is a globally critical biome for carbon cycling. Its forests are shaped by wildfire events that affect ecosystem properties and climate feedbacks including greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Improved understanding of boreal forest floor processes is needed to…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, wildfire disturbance, greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dynamics, forest floor, chronosequence, time since last fire, Pleurozium schreberi, Sweden
Volatile organic compound (VOC)-based fire-risk assessment systems for woodland fires can shorten the time between a fire outbreak and the arrival of fire crews. This can prevent the development of crown fires, which are harder to control than ground fires. Semi-conductor metal-…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, Eucalyptus globulus, tree, fire management, VOC - volatile organic compounds, Germany, fire detection
Research in the pursuit of better understanding of fire behavior and fire‐atmosphere interaction has frequently encountered a dearth of observational data, especially from events that cause most impact. Here we show that meteorological radar has been demonstrated as an effective…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, radar, wildfires, plume dynamics, fire-atmosphere interaction, pyroconvection
Wildfires are increasing in prevalence and intensity and emit large quantities of persistent organic and inorganic pollutants. Recent fires have caused elevated concerns that residual pollutants in indoor environments pose a long‐term health hazard to residents; however, to date…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: Alberta, Canada, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wildfires, trace elements, pollution, arsenic, pollutants, health impacts
The African continent continuously experiences extreme aerosol load conditions, during which the World Health Organizational (WHO) clean air standard of 10 μgm‐3 of PM2.5 mass is systematically exceeded. Africa holds the world largest source of desert dust emissions, undergoes…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air pollution, mortality, air quality, desert dust, biomass burning, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter
Fires play a critical role in modulating regional and global climate through disturbances on meteorological, biogeochemical, and hydrological processes, while fires are strongly affected by climate, terrestrial ecosystems, and human activities. The complex climate‐fire‐ecosystem…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: earth system models, model development, fire-climate interactions
Forest fires are a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Accurate reporting of GHG emissions from forest fires requires development of detailed methodologies and country specific data for estimating emissions. In recent years, Australia has updated…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, forest policy, REDD+, results-based payments, forest management, forest fuels, CO2 - carbon dioxide, recovery, greenhouse gas emissions, IPCC
Fire is a ubiquitous natural disturbance that affects 3–4% of the Earth's surface each year. It is a tool used by humans for land clearing and burning of agricultural wastes. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) do not explicitly mention fire, though many of…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: ecosystem services, desertification, soil, transdisciplinary collaboration
Wildfires are getting larger, burning hotter and becoming increasingly unpredictable, devastating plant and animal species. Now, researchers are studying how these blazes affect the tiniest of forest organisms — including bacteria and fungi — and finding that some microbes…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: Florida, Canada, Alberta, NWT - Northwest Territories, bacteria, fungi, fire severity, microbes
Wildfires create significant smoke impacts to communities near and downwind of the wildfire events. This webinar will provide a discussion on ways to prevent wildfire smoke exposures, including both residential strategies (including air filtration units) as well as community…
Person: Ward
Year: 2019
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, health effects, wildfires, mental health, air quality, air pollution, indoor air quality
Boreal forests are an important carbon (C) sink and fire is the main natural disturbance, directly affecting the C-cycle via emissions from combustion of biomass and organic matter and indirectly through long-term changes in C-dynamics including soil respiration. Carbon dioxide…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soil organic matter, carbon cycling, salvage logging, Estonia, soil respiration, C - carbon, N - nitrogen, CO2 - carbon dioxide
Large amounts of carbon are stored in northern peatlands. There is concern that greater wildfire severity following projected increases in summer drought will lead to higher post-fire carbon losses. We measured soil carbon dynamics in a Calluna heathland and a raised peat bog…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soil carbon dynamics, peatland, ecosystem respiration, NEE - net ecosystem exchange, CH4 - methane, DOC - dissolved organic carbon, fire severity, United Kingdom
Wildfire is a natural and integral ecosystem process that is necessary to maintain species composition, structure and ecosystem function. Extreme fires have been increasing over the last decades, which has a substantial impact on air quality, human health, the environment, and…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke aerosols, satellite observations, smoke impacts
Wildfire smoke presents a growing threat in the Western U.S.; and human health, transportation, and economic systems in growing western communities suffer due to increasingly severe and widespread fires. While modelling wildfire activity and associated wildfire smoke…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: public survey, public health, public response, questionnaire, online survey
Fire occurrence is a major disturbance in the Brazilian Cerrado, which is driven by both natural and anthropogenic activities. Despite increasing efforts for monitoring the Cerrado, a biome-scale study for quantifying and understanding the variability of fire emissions is still…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, biomass burning, tropical savannas, aerosols, remote sensing, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, PREP-CHEM-SRC, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter
In the austral spring, biomass fires affect a vast area of South America each year. We combined in situ ozone (O3) data, measured in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, in the period 2014-2017, with aerosol optical depth, co-pollutants (NOx, PM2.5 and PM10) and air…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, short-lived climate forcer, transboundary pollution, cluster analysis, air quality, agricultural fires, O3 - ozone