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Displaying 1 - 25 of 55
Karrikins (2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-ones) are potent smoke-derived germination promoters for a diverse range of plant species but, to date, their mode of action remains unknown. This paper reports the structure activity relationship of numerous karrikin analogues to increase…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, germination, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, smoke management, western Australia, karrikinolide, karrikin, seed germination, seed dormancy, germination stimulant
• Background and Aims Tersonia cyathiflora (Gyrostemonaceae) is a fire ephemeral with an obligate requirement for smoke to germinate. Whether it is stimulated to germinate by 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one (karrikinolide, KAR1), the butenolide isolated from smoke that…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, fire sensitive plants, germination, Grevillea, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, Stylidium, Tersonia, western Australia, butenolide, germination, karrikinolide, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2, 3-c]pyran-2-one, Grevillea, Stylidium, Tersonia cyathiflora, Gyrostemonaceae
High-frequency thermocouple measurements were made during an experimental grass fire conducted during ideal weather with overcast and windy conditions. Analysis of the thermodynamic structure of the fire plume showed that a maximum plume temperature of 295.2°C was measured…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air temperature, combustion, crown fires, experimental fires, fire management, flame length, grasses, grasslands, heat, rate of spread, smoke effects, smoke management, statistical analysis, temperature, Texas, wildfires, wind, grass fire, thermocouples, fire plumes
Prescribed fires can be used as a forest management tool to reduce the severity of wildfires. Thus, over prolonged and repeated periods, firefighters are exposed to toxic air contaminants. This work consisted in collecting and analyzing smoke released by typical Mediterranean…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: chemical compounds, Corsica, Europe, fire intensity, fire management, firefighting personnel, forest management, France, fuel loading, health factors, hydrocarbons, pine forests, sampling, smoke effects, smoke management, toxicity, wildfires, wind, air quality, BTEXs, firefighter exposure, forest fire smoke, SVOC - semi-volatile organic compounds, VOC - volatile organic compounds, Mediterranean, firefighter health
From the text ... 'Today, land managers use controlled or 'prescribed' burning to improve wildlife habitat and reduce the risk of dangerous fires. Wildfire, on the other hand, can threaten life and property of both people and wildlife especially when it occurs with little notice…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air temperature, ecosystem dynamics, fire frequency, fire management, fire size, firebreaks, firefighting personnel, forest management, humidity, lightning caused fires, smoke management, soil moisture, wildfires, wildlife, wind
On the morning of 2 June 2002, an abandoned campfire grew into a wildfire in the Double Trouble State Park in east-central New Jersey, USA. The wildfire burned 526 ha (1300 acres) and forced the closure of the Garden State Parkway for several hours due to dense smoke. In…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: air temperature, backfires, dead fuels, evolution, fire case histories, fire control, fire damage (property), fire growth, fire management, fire size, fire suppression, fuel moisture, humidity, New Jersey, rate of spread, recreation related fires, state parks, statistical analysis, wildfires, wind, fire-weather forecasting, Double Trouble State Park, meteorological factors
A survey of the biodiversity of wild macrofungi, including edible species yields, was carried out from 1 May to 30 September 2007 at four different forest types (in mainly Miang tea forest). The plots 100 m2, comprised a tea garden with a few planted canopy tree species (37.2%…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, Asia, cover, fire injuries (plants), fire management, forest management, forest types, fungi, humidity, litter, overstory, Thailand, trees, wildfires, Basidiomycetes, burning, diversity, sustainable forestry, Thailand
An understanding of soil seed bank processes is crucial for understanding vegetation dynamics, particularly in ecosystems experiencing frequent disturbance. This paper examines seed bank dynamics in a tropical savanna in northern Australia, an environment characterised by…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, disturbance, experimental fires, fire frequency, fire management, forbs, forest management, grasses, heat, legumes, Northern Territory of Australia, population density, precipitation, savannas, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, soil temperature, species diversity (plants), sprouting, temperature, tropical forests, vegetation surveys, wildfires, seed bank, grass-layer, germination
• Background and Aims The role of fire as a germination cue for Mediterranean Basin (MB) plants is still unclear. The current idea is that heat stimulates germination mainly in Cistaceae and Fabaceae and that smoke has a limited role as a post-fire germination cue, in comparison…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Ericaceae, Europe, experimental areas, Fabaceae, fire management, germination, heat, heat effects, Mediterranean habitats, plant communities, plant growth, post fire recovery, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, shrublands, smoke effects, smoke management, Spain, woody plants, post-fire germination, heat treatments, Mediterranean basin, smoke treatments, seedling growth, Cistaceae, Fabaceae, Ericaceae, Lamiaceae, Linaceae, Scrophulariaceae , Primulaceae
A new dataset of emissions of trace gases and particles resulting from biomass burning has been developed for the historical and the recent period (1900-2005). The purpose of this work is to provide a consistent gridded emissions dataset of atmospheric chemical species from 1900…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, biomass, biomass burning, boreal forests, carbon dioxide, cover, ENSO, fire management, gases, mosaic, particulates, remote sensing, savannas, tropical forests, wildfires, climate change, gases, particles, biomass burning, burnt areas, historical, satellite
This review compiled the data from recent actual and simulation studies on toxic emissions from open burning and categorized into sources, broadly as biomass and anthropogenic fuels. Emission factors, in mass of pollutant per mass of material being burned, and actual…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, Asia, biomass, biomass burning, charcoal, combustion, cropland fires, fire danger rating, fire management, fuel management, human caused fires, hydrocarbons, incendiary fires, Japan, land management, particulates, recreation related fires, smoke effects, toxicity, water, wildfires, open burning, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, particulate matter, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, Fs, toxic emissions
Smoke generated by burning of plant materials has widely been recognized as a germination cue for some species from both fire prone and fire-free ecosystems. It is an important factor for the understanding of vegetation dynamics and could have potential use for ecological…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, Africa, Borreria, Burkina Faso, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, fire regimes, forbs, germination, grasses, heat, heat effects, herbaceous vegetation, native species (plants), seed dispersal, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, temperature, vegetation surveys, forbs, native grasses, fire-related cues, propagation by seeds, West Africa
From the text ... 'In protected areas, where wilderness values are paramount, public land agencies have adopted the policy of using wildfires to benefit natural resources, allowing naturally ignited fires to burn unless they present additional threats, such as fire rick to…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: air quality, ecosystem dynamics, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fuel management, land management, national parks, particulates, smoke effects, smoke management, vegetation surveys, wilderness areas, wilderness fire management, wildfires
Colinus virginianus (Northern Bobwhite) respond favorably to frequent disturbances in most physiographic regions of their population distribution. These disturbances maintain the vegetative composition and structure needed for survival and reproduction. Prescribed fire is an…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: Andropogon, Aristida, birds, Colinus, Colinus virginianus, distribution, disturbance, fire dependent species, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire size, flame length, Florida, forest management, fuel moisture, game birds, headfires, humidity, Ilex glabra, mortality, pine forests, Pinus palustris, population density, private lands, reproduction, Schizachyrium spp., Serenoa repens, Taxodium distichum, threatened and endangered species (animals), wildlife habitat management
Ambient temperature and water availability regulate seasonal timing of germination. In fire-prone landscapes, the role of fire-related cues in affecting the range of temperatures and water potentials (Ys) across which germination can occur is poorly known, especially in non-…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, catastrophic fires, Epacris, Ericaceae, fire frequency, fire management, forest management, germination, heat, heat effects, Kunzea, Kunzea ambigua, national parks, New South Wales, plant growth, post fire recovery, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, seeds, smoke effects, temperature, water, geat, hydrotime, water potential, soil seed bank
The European coastal heathlands are important habitats for international conservation. Today, these low-intensity farming systems are threatened by the cessation of traditional management regimes, such as grazing and prescribed burning. In natural systems, the effects of fire on…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: adaptation, Calluna, Calluna vulgaris, conservation, Europe, fire management, forest management, germination, grazing, heathlands, histories, human caused fires, keystone species, Norway, paleoecology, plant communities, population density, post fire recovery, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, smoke management, succession, anthropogenic disturbance, germination cues, palaeoecology, plant-derived smoke, secondary succession
The inorganic main elements, trace elements and PAHs were determined from selected PM1, PM2.5 and
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, chemical compounds, distribution, Europe, Finland, hydrocarbons, particulates, K - potassium, season of fire, smoke management, wildfires, wind, atmospheric aerosols
With the emergence of a new forest management paradigm based on the emulation of natural disturbance regimes, interest in fire-related studies has increased in the boreal forest management community. A key issue in this regard is the improvement of our understanding of the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models
Region(s): Alaska, Eastern, International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, air quality, disturbance, climate change, paleoecology, statistical analysis, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, carbon emissions, charcoal analysis, simulation model
From the text ... 'It may be that a new dialogue is needed between those who advocate education and social sciences investigations on fire and those who advocate air quality and health science concerned with fire smoke.'
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, education, fire management, forest management, fuel management, health factors, pollution, public information, smoke effects, smoke management, soils, wildfires
The fragmentation of mediterranean climate landscapes where fire is an important landscape process may lead to unsuitable fire regimes for many species, particularly rare species that occur as small isolated populations. We investigate the influence of fire interval on the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, fire frequency, fire injuries (plants), fire management, fire regimes, forest management, fragmentation, climate change, Mediterranean habitats, mortality, plant growth, population density, post fire recovery, regeneration, seed dispersal, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, senescence, shrubs, smoke effects, threatened and endangered species (plants), western Australia, wildfires, PVA, demography, climate change, RAMAS Metapop, soil seed bank, non-sprouting fire recruiting shrub, obligate seeder
The dry deposition of atmospheric particulate matter can be a significant source of phosphorus (P) to oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems, including high-elevation lakes. In this study, measurements of the mass concentration and size distribution of aerosol particles and associated…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, coniferous forests, distribution, fire intensity, fire management, forest management, lakes, national parks, Nevada, nutrient cycling, particulates, phosphorus, sampling, Sierra Nevada, soil nutrients, wildfires, phosphorus, atmospheric deposition, forest fire, eutrophication, Sierra Nevada
The Empress tree (Paulownia tomentosa Steud.) is a fast growing deciduous tree originating from East Asia. It is grown as an ornamental plant, but can also be used as industrial wood. However, in some parts of North America, this species is considered invasive, with high impact…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: deciduous forests, invasive species, light, Paulownia tomentosa, post fire recovery, resprouting, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, smoke management, temperature, wood
From the text ... 'Only if the seed experiences an appropriate cue that informs it of a favourable current environment while (relatively) non-dormant will germination occur. Light confirms there has been some disturbance that has brought a buried seed to the surface, smoke that…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: disturbance, germination, light, nitrate, seed dormancy, seed germination, smoke effects, soil management, temperature, wildfires, dormancy, germination, light, nitrate, temperature
Background: Smoke released from burning vegetation functions as an important environmental signal promoting the germination of many plant species following a fire. It not only promotes the germination of species from fire-prone habitats, but several species from non-fire-prone…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: chemical compounds, distribution, Europe, germination, Hungary, light, post fire recovery, protein, reproduction, seed dormancy, seed germination, seedlings, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires
In addition to direct fire cues such as heat, smoke and charred wood, the passage of fire leads indirectly to changes in environmental conditions which may be able to break physical dormancy in hard-coated seeds. After a fire, the open canopy and the burnt material lying on the…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: ash, Australia, Fabaceae, fire management, fire regimes, forest management, fuel loading, germination, heat, legumes, New South Wales, plant communities, post fire recovery, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, soil management, soil temperature, temperature, wildfires, wood