Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 158
Fuel consumption is one of the most critical variables in estimating smoke production for smoke management planning in the eastern United States. Although there are fuel consumption equations contained within the national fuel consumption and emissions production tools Consume 3…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, fuel loading, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke management, model validation, smoke production, fuel consumption, SEMIP - Smoke and Emissions Model Intercomparison Project
You plan and light a 28-acre prescribed fire. Within six hours it escapes, burns 24 thousand acres, evacuates a community, destroys 41 homes and, tragically kills one of your crew. Even though this tragic event occurred 30 years ago, several of its key lessons learned are still…
Person: Keller
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: crown fire, escaped fire, firefighter fatalities, firefighter safety, situational awareness, high reliability organization
Introduction to WFDSS - Air Quality ToolsSmoke management is an important aspect of managing wildland fire. While mitigating smoke impacts from prescribed burns is important, smoke from large wildfire complexes (such as the AZ/NM fires in 2011) can expose millions of people to…
Person: Rorig
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, smoke impacts, smoke management, WFDSS - Wildland Fire Decision Support System, BlueSky Modeling Framework, WFDSS-AQ - Wildland Fire Air Quality Tools Portal
The NWCG Smoke Committee (SmoC) hosted this webinar on June 28, 2011. Four presentations and a discussion period examined public perception and messaging about smoke and fire. The webinar was a key initial step in developing needed messaging about wildland fire smoke, and it…
Person: McCaffrey, McCarthy, Hall, Olsen
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public opinion, wildland fire, public perception, smoke impacts, smoke management, smoke messaging
Greg Jones presented a webinar on using biomass for bioenergy. The greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions from delivering and burning forest treatment residue biomass in a boiler for thermal energy are compared with onsite disposal by pile-burning and using various…
Person: Jones
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, logging residue, bioenergy, biomass energy
Mediasite video presentation given by Miriam Rorig, (USFS, Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Lab) at the 2011 Southwest Interagency Fuels Workshop, Flagstaff, AZ on March 9, 2011. New models and advances in smoke modeling, such as BlueSky, a modeling framework that links a variety…
Person: Rorig
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, BlueSky Modeling Framework, fuel characteristics, fuel consumption modeling, smoke dispersion, smoke modeling, wildland fire decision support tools, fire characteristics, Southwest Interagency Fuels Workshop, WFDSS-AQ - Wildland Fire Air Quality Tools Portal
Wind erosion and aeolian transport processes are largely unstudied in the post-wildfire environment, but recent studies have shown that wind erosion can play a major role in burned landscapes. A wind erosion monitoring system was installed immediately following a wildfire in…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, ash, Idaho, PM - particulate matter, PM10, burned soil, sediment flux, wind erosion
Gas and particulate fractions were measured simultaneously from a wildfire in Penedono, central Portugal, which occurred in summer 2009. The total volatile hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon oxides (CO2 and CO) collected in Tedlar bags were measured using automatic analysers with…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, incendiary fires, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, climate change, gases, hydrocarbons, particulates, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management, wildfire, organic compounds, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, emission factors
Fires in tropical forests release globally significant amounts of carbon to the atmosphere and may increase in importance as a result of climate change. Despite the striking impacts of fire on tropical ecosystems, the paucity of robust spatial models of forest fire still hampers…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire regimes, fire size, human caused fires, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, climate change, deforestation, droughts, roads, statistical analysis, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, cerrado, tropical forests, carbon emissions, hot pixels, IPCC A2 scenario, Redd, SimAmazonia
In this work, a methodology based on the macro-tracer approach was improved to obtain a more reliable estimate of the wood burning impact on PM10 and OC concentrations.Indeed, literature emission factors were weighed by the wood consumption data available for the investigated…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: human caused fires, air quality, C - carbon, particulates, Italy, Europe, smoke management, levoglucosan, wood burning, emission factors, source apportionment
Over the coming decades, climate change will increasingly affect forest ecosystem processes, but the future magnitude and direction of these responses is uncertain. We designed 12 scenarios combining possible changes in tree growth rates, decay rates, and area burned by wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, Northwest
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, C - carbon, climate change, decay, forest products, greenhouse gases, plant growth, British Columbia, Canada, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, taiga, adaptation, CBM-CFS3 - Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector, forest fire, greenhouse gas emissions, harvested wood products
This study focused on structural analysis of ground carbon storage following fires in light conifer stands of the Lower Angara region (Siberia, Russia). Experimental fires of varying frontal intensity were conducted at Scots pine and mixed larch forests of southern taiga.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, biomass, C - carbon, Larix sibirica , larch, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Asia, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, light conifer stands, carbon storage, biomass consumption, carbon emissions, forest type, depth of burn
A series of wildfires broke out in Western Russia starting in late July of 2010. Harmful particulates and gases released into the local Russian atmosphere have been reported, as have possible negative consequences for the global atmosphere. In this study, an extremely hazy area…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire damage (property), wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, gases, ozone, particulates, remote sensing, Russia, Asia, Europe, fire management
We estimated forest area and carbon changes in the conterminous United States using a remote sensing based land cover change map, forest fire data from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program, and forest growth and harvest data from the USDA Forest Service, Forest…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire History, Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, cover, FIA, forest products, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, snags, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, carbon in harvested wood, forest area, harvest, greenhouse gas inventory, land cover change, wildfire emissions
The ratios of observed organic carbon (OC) to elemental carbon (EC) from the rural sites of the IMPROVE network are analyzed for the 5-year period from 2000 to 2004. Among these years, nationwide OC/EC peaks are observed most consistently in the summer of 2002. Several potential…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, season of fire, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, particulates, fire management, OC, EC ratio, SUMMER BURNING, SOA, model evaluation
Euro-American logging practices, intensive grazing, and fire suppression have increased the amount of carbon that is stored in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. Ex Laws) forests in the southwestern United States. Current stand conditions leave these forests prone to high-…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, surface fires, wildfires, C - carbon, national forests, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Arizona, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, fire risk reduction, silviculture, FVS - Forest Vegetation Simulator
Fire in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) is not as rare as once believed. Andean TMCFs sit immediately below highly flammable, high-altitude grasslands (Puna/Paramo) that suffer from recurrent anthropogenic fire. This treeline is a zone of climatic tension where…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, firebreaks, flammability, ground fires, human caused fires, rate of spread, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, deforestation, national parks, peat, resprouting, roots, snags, soil organic matter, soils, Peru, South America, fire management, forest management, soil management, grasslands, montane forests, peatlands, tropical forests, biomass burning emissions, resprouting, montane cloud forests, Andes, peat soil, REDD+
Prescribed burning, in combination with mechanical thinning, is a successful method for reducing heavy fuel loads from forest floors and thereby lowering the risk of catastrophic wildfire. However, an undesirable consequence of managed fire is the production of fine particulate…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, broadcast burning, crown fires, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire suppression, fuel loading, heavy fuels, low intensity burns, recreation related fires, surface fuels, air quality, C - carbon, hydrocarbons, particulates, slash, thinning, understory vegetation, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Arizona, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, elemental carbon, fine particulate matter, organic carbon, PM2.5, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wood-smoke particulate
Biomass burning is a significant source of aerosols that impact the global radiation budget, human health, and visibility. Molecular marker chemical mass balance models are frequently employed to estimate the contribution of biomass burning smoke to pollution at receptor sites.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, fuel loading, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, grasses, leaves, needles, organic matter, particulates, pollution, fire management, smoke management, levoglucosan, mannosan, galactosan
Forests sequester carbon from the atmosphere, and in so doing can mitigate the effects of climate change. Fire is a natural disturbance process in many forest systems that releases carbon back to the atmosphere. In dry temperate forests, fires historically burned with greater…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: combustion, fire frequency, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire regimes, fire suppression, fuel loading, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, decomposition, drainage, forestation, climate change, mortality, plant growth, plant nutrients, population density, reforestation, soil nutrients, thinning, understory vegetation, vegetation surveys, fire management, forest management, land management, grasslands, shrublands, carbon stability, fire severity, fuels management
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) was combusted at different charge sizes, fuel moisture, and chlorine content to determine the effect on emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) as well as copollutants CO, PM, and total hydrocarbons…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Fuels
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: biomass burning, combustion, fuel moisture, air quality, C - carbon, chemistry, hydrocarbons, sampling, toxicity, loblolly pine, Pinus taeda, North Carolina, fire management, fuel management
Research activities focused on estimating the direct emissions of carbon from wildland fires across North America are reviewed as part of the North American Carbon Program disturbance synthesis. A comparison of methods to estimate the loss of carbon from the terrestrial…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire case histories, fire hazard reduction, fire size, fuel moisture, fuel loading, fuel types, wildfires, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, disturbance, duff, remote sensing, Saskatchewan, Canada, Oregon, Mexico, fire management, forest management, fuel management, boreal forests, chaparral, coniferous forests, shrublands
We report high concentrations of black carbon aerosols (BC), present at two rural sites in New York during the last week in May 2010, that are linked to wildfire activity. At Mayville BC from wood smoke was recorded for a total of 20 h from three separate episodes, mean…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, CO - carbon monoxide, climate change, greenhouse gases, health factors, particulates, radiation, remote sensing, Canada, New York, fire management, forest management, smoke management, boreal forests, mountains, black carbon, wildfire smoke, aerosols, fine particulate matter
Emitted to the atmosphere through fire and fossil fuel combustion, refractory black carbon nanoparticles (rBC) impact human health, climate, and the carbon cycle. Eventually these particles enter aquatic environments, where they may affect the fate of other pollutants. While…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, hydrocarbons, particulates, runoff, toxicity, Nevada, fire management, smoke management, watershed management, lakes, watersheds
The boreal biome is characterised by extensive wildfires that frequently burn into the thick organic soils found in many forests and wetlands. Previous studies investigating surface fuel consumption generally have not accounted for variation in the properties of organic soils or…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: catastrophic fires, fire size, fuel loading, laboratory fires, peat fires, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, lichens, litter, mosses, organic soils, particulates, peat, soil moisture, soil organic matter, statistical analysis, vegetation surveys, Cladina, Pleurozium schreberi, sphagnum, Alberta, Canada, fire management, fuel management, watershed management, bogs, boreal forests, peatlands, bog, boreal, C - carbon, ground-layer fuels, peat, peatland, smouldering, sphagnum, surface fuel combustion