Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1 - 25 of 84
Multiple trace-gas instruments were deployed during the fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4), including the first application of proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOFMS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, FTIR - Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy , laboratory experiments
Reliable estimates of pre-burn biomass and fuel consumption are important to estimate wildland fire emissions and assist in prescribed burn planning. We present empirical models for predicting fuel consumption in natural fuels from 60 prescribed fires in ponderosa pine-dominated…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest, Southern
Keywords: biomass, fuel consumption, Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, loblolly pine, Pinus taeda, longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, southern pine forests, smoke management, wildland fire
This document presents the study plan for the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE). FASMEE is a large-scale interagency effort to (1) identify the critical measurements necessary to improve operational wildland fire and smoke prediction systems, (2) collect…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment, plume dynamics, air quality, fire energy
On January 4, 2014, during the summer period in South America, an intense forest and dry pasture wildfire occurred nearby the city of Santiago de Chile. On that day the biomass-burning plume was transported by low-intensity winds towards the metropolitan area of Santiago and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Chile, biomass burning, air quality, fire plumes, South America, WRF-Chem, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, plume rise, atmospheric modeling
Canada is expected to see an increase in fire risk under future climate projections. Large fires, such as that near Fort McMurray, Alberta in 2016, can be devastating to the communities affected. Understanding the role of human emissions in the occurrence of such extreme fire…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Ecology, Hazard and Risk, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, climate change, Alberta, Canada, event attribution, extremes, boreal forest, fire spread, CFFDRS - Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System
Over the past decades, fires have burned annually in Indonesia, yet the strength of the fire season is for a large part modulated by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The two most recent very strong El Niño years were 2015 and 1997. Both years involved high incidences of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: precipitation, fire regimes, fire frequency, Indonesia, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, TRMM - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, regional air quality, Southeast Asia, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, rainfall, peatlands, drought, Borneo
Wildland and cropland fires, which differ considerably in fire regime characteristics, have often been evaluated jointly to estimate regional or global fire regimes using satellite-based fire activity data. We hypothesised that excluding cropland fires will change the output of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, cropland fires, fire regimes, Turkey, agricultural fire, land cover, Mediterranean basin, Taurus Mountains, global scale, Count Data, MODIS
Feedbacks between climate warming, land surface aridity, and wildfire-derived aerosols represent a large source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. Here, long-term observations of aerosol optical depth, surface level aerosol loading, fire-area burned, and hydrologic…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, climate change, aerosols, aridity, wildfires, aerosol optical depth, trends, Projections, pollution, drought
From the Spring 2017 AFSC Remote Sensing Workshop: Opportunities to Apply Remote Sensing in Boreal/Arctic Wildfire Management and Science.
Person: Jenkins, Butteri, Miller, Slaughter, Ellicott, Heinrichs, Waigl
Year: 2017
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: fire intensity, fire perimeter, fire management, plumes
From the Spring 2017 AFSC Remote Sensing Workshop: Opportunities to Apply Remote Sensing in Boreal/Arctic Wildfire Management and Science.
Person: James
Year: 2017
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: remote sensing, smoke forecasting, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, HRRR - High Resolution Rapid Refresh, HRRR-Smoke, satellite imagery, WRF-ARW
From the Spring 2017 AFSC Remote Sensing Workshop: Opportunities to Apply Remote Sensing in Boreal/Arctic Wildfire Management and Science.
Person: Veraverbeke
Year: 2017
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: remote sensing, boreal fire, carbon emissions, burn severity, fire severity, lightning, climate change
From the Spring 2017 AFSC Remote Sensing Workshop: Opportunities to Apply Remote Sensing in Boreal/Arctic Wildfire Management and Science.
Person: French
Year: 2017
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel characteristics, remote sensing, fuel loading, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, air quality, emissions modeling
A diversity of partners and interests, federal to private, came together to identify current challenges and research in the wildland fire and air quality impacts realm. Meeting management needs and the opportunity to learn from one another’s expert perspectives were primary…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality impacts, smoke management, emissions inventory, fuel characterization
In this study we investigate the use of ΔPM2.5/ΔCO and ΔNOy/ΔCO normalized enhancement ratios (NERs) in identifying wildfire (WF) smoke events in urban areas. Nine urban ambient monitoring sites with adequate CO, PM2.5, and/or NOy measurements were selected for this study. We…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfires, NER - normalized enhancement ratio, air quality, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, urban areas, CO - carbon monoxide, NO - nitrogen oxide, emission ratio
Wildfires emit O3 precursors but there are large variations in emissions, plume heights, and photochemical processing. These factors make it challenging to model O3 production from wildfires using Eulerian models. Here we describe a statistical approach to characterize the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: O3 - ozone, PM - particulate matter, GAM - generalized additive model
Aerosols emitted by landscape fires affect many climatic processes. Here, we combined an aerosol–climate model and a coupled climate-carbon model to study the carbon cycle and climate effects caused by fire-emitted aerosols (FEA) forcing at the top of the atmosphere and at the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, forcing, carbon cycle, C - carbon
Changing fire dynamics and increasing global temperatures are causing changes to the fire regime and permafrost stability in the Arctic. Models have separately predicted the widespread thawing of permafrost and increasing magnitude and intensity of wildfires over the next…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: wildfires, Canada, permafrost, permafrost thaw, fire regime, Arctic, carbon storage, Northwest Territories, thermokarst, peat
Smoke from fire can sharply reduce air quality by releasing particulate matter, one of the most dangerous types of air pollution for human health. A third of U.S. households have someone sensitive to smoke. Minimizing the amount and impact of smoke is a high priority for land…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): California, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: air quality, risk reduction, air resource management, fire management, BlueSky Modeling Framework
The volatile nature of biomass burning organics may complicate the evolution of organics in laboratory smog-chamber experiments and in ambient plumes. We simulate the evolution of organic mass (including gas and particles) in the chamber experiments using the TwO-Moment Aerosol…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Data
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosol formation, biomass burning, laboratory experiments, plume
Black carbon (BC) concentrations observed in 22 snowpits sampled in the northwest sector of the Greenland ice sheet in April 2014 have allowed us to identify a strong and widespread BC aerosol deposition event, which was dated to have accumulated in the pits from two snow storms…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, Greenland, black carbon, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, WRF-Chem, deposition, wildfires
In 2002, an enormous amount of smoke has been emitted from Yakutsk wildfires. In this study, we examine the impact of smoke on cloud properties and precipitation associated with frontal systems using the WRF-Chem-SMOKE model and satellite data. The smoke emissions are computed…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Yakutsk, WRF-Chem, satellite data, Russia, organic matter, black carbon, clouds, biomass burning, aerosols
Climate forecasts predict an increase in frequency and intensity of wildfires. Associations between health outcomes and population exposure to smoke from Washington 2012 wildfires were compared using surface monitors, chemical-weather models, and a novel method blending three…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Washington, public health, PM2.5, cardiopulmonary, WRF-Chem, epidemiology, cardiovascular effects, respiratory effects, hospitalizations
In the western U.S., smoke from wild and prescribed fires can severely degrade air quality. Due to changes in climate and land management, wildfires have increased in frequency and severity, and this trend is expected to continue. Consequently, wildfires are expected to become…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Washington, wildfires, exposure, satellites, smoke exposure, air pollution, regression models, PM2.5, WRF-Chem
The Western Governors’ Association hosted the webinar, Prescribed Fire: Smoke Management and Regulatory Challenges on Dec. 19, 2017 as part of the series for the National Forest and Rangeland Management Initiative. Prescribed fire is a tool for land managers to address wildfire…
Person: Lahm, Melvin, Uhl
Year: 2017
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, legal liability, land management, wildfires, smoke management, exceptional event, smoke management plan
An issue of great concern on federal lands is wildland fires, which have increased in frequency and strength over the past few decades as a possible consequence of climate change. Modeling wildfires under an evolving climate is challenging: there are disparate spatial and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: climate change, air quality, fuel load, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, fire activity