Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 443
Over the past decades, fires have burned annually in Indonesia, yet the strength of the fire season is for a large part modulated by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The two most recent very strong El Niño years were 2015 and 1997. Both years involved high incidences of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: precipitation, fire regimes, fire frequency, Indonesia, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, TRMM - Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, regional air quality, Southeast Asia, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, rainfall, peatlands, drought, Borneo
Wildland and cropland fires, which differ considerably in fire regime characteristics, have often been evaluated jointly to estimate regional or global fire regimes using satellite-based fire activity data. We hypothesised that excluding cropland fires will change the output of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, cropland fires, fire regimes, Turkey, agricultural fire, land cover, Mediterranean basin, Taurus Mountains, global scale, Count Data, MODIS
Key message: Acacia melanoxylon produces abundant seeds leading to large seed banks in the soil. These seeds display a large viability and their germination is stimulated by heat. To control the populations, it is necessary to remove adults and young individuals, and to prevent…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: germination, seed dispersal, seed germination, seed production, Europe, black wattle, seed dissemination, seed banks, tree population structure, Australian acacias, reproductive biology, high temperatures, regeneration, management, heat
Wildland fire fighting is a high-risk occupation requiring considerable physical and psychological demands. Multiple agencies publish fatality summaries for wildland firefighters; however, the reported number and types vary. At least five different surveillance systems capture…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: firefighting personnel, wildfires, fire hazard reduction, Wildland Fire Fatality, Wildland Firefighter, Particulate Air-Pollution, Heart-Disease, climate change, short-term, fatalities, exposure
This study presents the spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation fires in China based on a combination of national fire records (1950-2010) and satellite fire data (2001-12). This analysis presents the first attempt to understand existing patterns of open fires and their…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, fire regimes, China, air quality, boreal forest, burnt area, crop residue burning, Great Xing’an Mountains, fuel moisture content, forest fire, ecosystems, Algorithm
A wildfire with many ignition points took place in the Daxing'an Mountains of north-east China in June 2010. After the fire, moss polsters and particle traps were collected from burnt and unburnt areas a few kilometres away from four ignition points. Charcoal extracted from the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, ignition, air quality, China, biomass burning, Larch Forest, wildfire, forest fire, macroscopic charcoal, microscopic charcoal, Holocene fire, source area, records, deposition, regimes, boreal, history
Well-drained, aerated soils are important sinks for atmospheric methane (CH4) via the process of CH4 oxidation by methane-oxidising bacteria (MOB). This terrestrial CH4 sink may contribute towards climate change mitigation, but the impact of changing soil moisture and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soils, Australia, Tasmania, soil temperature, soil moisture, CH4 - methane, N-Saturated Spruce, Trace Gas Fluxes, N2O emissions, land use, Atmospheric Methane, Continuous Record, Limed Soil, Ch4 Uptake, ecosystems, consumption
The emission factors (EFs) for a broad range of semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) from subtropical eucalypt forest and tropical savannah fires were determined for the first time from in situ investigations. Significantly higher (t test, P < 0.01) EFs (mg kg-1 dry fuel,…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, savannas, wildfires, Australia, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, biomass burning emissions, Transform Infrared-Spectroscopy, Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, global distribution, Molecular Tracers, Field-Measurements, Pah Source, Part 1
Feedbacks between climate warming, land surface aridity, and wildfire-derived aerosols represent a large source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. Here, long-term observations of aerosol optical depth, surface level aerosol loading, fire-area burned, and hydrologic…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, climate change, aerosols, aridity, wildfires, aerosol optical depth, trends, Projections, pollution, drought
Seed germination and early seedling establishment are critical stages during a plants life cycle. These stages are precisely regulated by multiple internal factors, including phytohormones and environmental cues such as light. As a family of small molecules discovered in…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: germination, smoke effects, seedling, karrikins, Aba, Ga, Iaa, germination, photomorphogenesis, Box Protein Max2, Shade Avoidance, Arabidopsis thaliana, abscisic acid, Dormancy Alleviation, Hypocotyl Elongation, Auxin Transport, Light Responses, Strigolactone
BACKGROUND: Vegetation fires can release substantial quantities of fine particles (PM2.5), which are harmful to health. The fire smoke may be transported over long distances and can cause adverse health effects over wide areas. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess annual mortality…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, pollution, Europe, wildland fires, air pollution, forest fires, particulate matter, health impacts, Southeast Asia, fine particles, quality
...An estimate of premature deaths attributable to vegetation smoke.
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality
Fire weather forecasts are used by land and wildlife managers to determine when meteorological and fuel conditions are suitable to conduct prescribed burning. In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of ambient PM2.5 to various fire and meteorological variables in a spatial…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: North Carolina, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, sensitivity, source apportionment, FEM - forest ecosystem management, Biomass-Burning Impact, Ground-Level Ozone, trace gases, source apportionment, Principal Component, aerosol, particulate, regression
Air quality forecasts generated with chemical transport models can provide valuable information about the potential impacts of fires on pollutant levels. However, significant uncertainties are associated with fire-related emission estimates as well as their distribution on…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, particulates, Georgia, fire management, smoke management, urban habitats, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, air quality, PM2.5, sensitivity analysis
Wildfires produce a significant release of gases and particles affecting climate and air quality. In the Mediterranean region, shrublands significantly contribute to burned areas and may show specific emission profiles. Our objective was to depict and quantify the primary-…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, experimental fires, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, hydrocarbons, particulates, Spain, Europe, fire management, forest management, Mediterranean habitats, shrublands, biomass burning, Mediterranean shrubland, water soluble ions, trace elements, organic compounds, VOCs
Accurate estimates for North American background (NAB) ozone (O3) in surface air over the United States are needed for setting and implementing an attainable national O3 standard. These estimates rely on simulations with atmospheric chemistry-transport models that set North…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, ozone, pollution, fire management, smoke management, surface ozone, background ozone, air pollution, air quality, exceptional events
Land managers rely on prescribed burning and naturally ignited wildfires for ecosystem management, and must balance trade-offs of air quality, carbon storage, and ecosystem health. A current challenge for land managers when using fire for ecosystem management is managing smoke…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire case histories, fire size, fuel loading, fuel models, wildfires, woody fuels, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, ozone, particulates, pollution, Washington, fire management, forest management, land management, smoke management, CONSUME, fire size, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, fuel consumption, smoke emissions, 2006 Tripod Complex Fires
Many species in fire-prone environments germinate after fire including most taxa in the genus Anigozanthos Labill. Following preliminary studies with Anigozanthos manglesii D. Don subsp. manglesii, the response of several Anigozanthos taxa to germination stimulants relating to…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, seed germination, Anigozanthos, western Australia, Australia, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, kangaroo paw, KAR1, morphophysiological dormancy, underdeveloped embryos, 2, 3-dihydroxypropanenitrile, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2, 3-c]pyran-2-one
In July and August 2012, a combination of dry weather and record-breaking temperatures led to an unusually intense wildfire season in Boreal Asia. Based on model results and satellite observations it is thought that a portion of the smoke output from these fires was carried…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, remote sensing, Siberia, Russia, Asia, British Columbia, Canada, fire management, smoke management, LiDAR, aerosols, long range transport, air quality, 2012 boreal Asia fires
Bushfires occur worldwide, including regions in which winegrapes are grown. Recent research on grape and wine composition has demonstrated that wine made from smoke-affected grapes can be tainted. However, little is known about the impact of fire on grapevines, in particular the…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire injuries (plants), scorch, smoke effects, wildfires, agriculture, fruits, southern Australia, Australia, fire management, smoke management, bushfire, grapevines, guaiacol, semillon, Pinot noir, vine growth
The 2006 Esperanza Fire in Riverside County, California, was simulated with the Coupled Atmosphere-Wildland Fire Environment (CAWFE) model to examine how dynamic interactions of the atmosphere with large-scale fire spread and energy release may affect observed patterns of fire…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Safety, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire case histories, fire injuries (humans), fire size, fuel loading, fuel models, heat, rate of spread, wildfires, Foehn winds, remote sensing, temperature, wind, southern California, fire management, forest management, airborne remote sensing, coupled atmosphere-fire model, horizontal roll vortices, Santa Ana winds, Esperanza Fire
The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the current state of the art on research into the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from vegetation fires. Significant amounts of VOCs are emitted from vegetation fires, including several reactive…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, heat effects, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, hydrocarbons, organic soils, ozone, plant communities, remote sensing, Africa, Amazon, South America, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, savannas, biomass burning, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds, combustion phases, forest fires, isoprenoids, plant communities and functional types
Forest ecosystems are a sink of atmospheric mercury, trapping the metal in the canopy, and storing it in the forest floor after litter fall. Fire liberates a portion of this mercury; however, little is known about the long-term release of mercury post deforestation. We conducted…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, deforestation, Hg - mercury, soils, New York, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, land use, soil management, deciduous forests, tropical forests, forest fire, soil, Hg - mercury, Amazon, Brazil, land use change
Question: What is the impact of the fire cues smoke and ash on seed germination of important functional groups in the heathland system, namely ericads, herbs and graminoids? We predict that if germination from heathland seed banks is in part regulated by fire cues, there should…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: human caused fires, smoke effects, ash, conservation, grasses, seed dormancy, seed germination, succession, Norway, Europe, fire management, range management, heathlands, anthropogenic disturbance, conservation management, heathland ecology, seed bank, succession
Two different types of typical Brazilian forest biomass were burned in the laboratory in order to compare their combustion characteristics and pollutant emissions. Approximately 2 kg of Amazon biomass (hardwood) and 2 kg of Araucaria biomass (softwood) were burned. Gaseous…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, fire intensity, laboratory fires, air quality, biomass, carbon dioxide, gases, hardwoods, lignin, particulates, pollution, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, forest biomass, combustion, lignin content, PM2.5, gas emissions