Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 147
Fire is a ubiquitous natural disturbance that affects 3–4% of the Earth's surface each year. It is a tool used by humans for land clearing and burning of agricultural wastes. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) do not explicitly mention fire, though many of…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: ecosystem services, desertification, soil, transdisciplinary collaboration
Wildfires are getting larger, burning hotter and becoming increasingly unpredictable, devastating plant and animal species. Now, researchers are studying how these blazes affect the tiniest of forest organisms — including bacteria and fungi — and finding that some microbes…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: Florida, Canada, Alberta, NWT - Northwest Territories, bacteria, fungi, fire severity, microbes
Boreal forests are an important carbon (C) sink and fire is the main natural disturbance, directly affecting the C-cycle via emissions from combustion of biomass and organic matter and indirectly through long-term changes in C-dynamics including soil respiration. Carbon dioxide…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soil organic matter, carbon cycling, salvage logging, Estonia, soil respiration, C - carbon, N - nitrogen, CO2 - carbon dioxide
Large amounts of carbon are stored in northern peatlands. There is concern that greater wildfire severity following projected increases in summer drought will lead to higher post-fire carbon losses. We measured soil carbon dynamics in a Calluna heathland and a raised peat bog…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: soil carbon dynamics, peatland, ecosystem respiration, NEE - net ecosystem exchange, CH4 - methane, DOC - dissolved organic carbon, fire severity, United Kingdom
Wildfire is a natural and integral ecosystem process that is necessary to maintain species composition, structure and ecosystem function. Extreme fires have been increasing over the last decades, which has a substantial impact on air quality, human health, the environment, and…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke aerosols, satellite observations, smoke impacts
Wildfire smoke presents a growing threat in the Western U.S.; and human health, transportation, and economic systems in growing western communities suffer due to increasingly severe and widespread fires. While modelling wildfire activity and associated wildfire smoke…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Social Science
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: public survey, public health, public response, questionnaire, online survey
Fire occurrence is a major disturbance in the Brazilian Cerrado, which is driven by both natural and anthropogenic activities. Despite increasing efforts for monitoring the Cerrado, a biome-scale study for quantifying and understanding the variability of fire emissions is still…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, biomass burning, tropical savannas, aerosols, remote sensing, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, PREP-CHEM-SRC, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter
In the austral spring, biomass fires affect a vast area of South America each year. We combined in situ ozone (O3) data, measured in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, in the period 2014-2017, with aerosol optical depth, co-pollutants (NOx, PM2.5 and PM10) and air…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, short-lived climate forcer, transboundary pollution, cluster analysis, air quality, agricultural fires, O3 - ozone
Wildfires and associated emissions of particulate matter pose significant environmental and health concerns. In this study we propose tools to evaluate building resilience to extreme episodes of outdoor particulate matter using a combination of indoor and outdoor IoT…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM2.5, air quality, pollution, IoT - Internet of Things, wildfires, survey, CO2 - carbon dioxide, pollutants, indoor air quality
Forest and peatland fires occur regularly across Indonesia, resulting in large greenhouse gas emissions and causing major air quality issues. Over the last few decades, Indonesia has also experienced extensive forest loss and conversion of natural forest to oil palm and timber…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: forest cover loss, hotspots, Indonesia, greenhouse gases, fire frequency
In grassy ecosystems of south‐eastern Australia, fire maintains richness of native forbs. It is commonly thought that fire promotes regeneration indirectly by reducing competition for light and providing gaps for recruitment, rather than directly stimulating germination. However…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, inducible effects, inherent effects, physiological dormancy, warm stratification, germination, fire cues
Wildland fire characteristics, such as area burned, number of large fires, burn intensity, and fire season duration, have increased steadily over the past 30 years, resulting in substantial increases in the costs of suppressing fires and managing damages from wildland fire…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: area burned, fire season, fire intensity
Wildfire smoke is typically a mixture of water vapor, gases, fine particles, and trace minerals from burning fuels like trees and vegetation, other organic components, and, sometimes, building materials.
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, smoke exposure, public health
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted from many sources, including wildland fire. VOCs have received heightened emphasis due to such gases' influential role in the atmosphere, as well as possible health effects. We have used extractive infrared (IR) spectroscopy on…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: VOC - volatile organic compounds, pyrolysis, infrared spectroscopy, longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, napthalene, methyl nitrate, allene, acrolein, acetaldehyde
Background: Asthma-related outcomes are regularly used by studies to investigate the association between human exposure to landscape fire smoke and health. Robust summary effect estimates are required to inform health protection policy for fire smoke exposure. Objective: To…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: meta-analysis, fine particulate matter, asthma, hospitalizations, PM2.5, public health, literature review
Our project examines the association between percent African American and smoke pollution in the form of prescribed burn-sourced, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the U.S. state of Georgia for 2018. (1) Background: African Americans constitute 32.4% of Georgia’s population,…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: African American, smoke exposure, air quality, public health, environmental justice, social vulnerability, Georgia
Background: Substantial increases in wildfire activity have been recorded in recent decades. Wildfires influence the chemical composition and concentration of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). However, relatively few epidemiologic studies focus on the…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, Colorado, wildfires, air quality, epidemiology, climate change, respiratory, cardiovascular, PM2.5
Exposure to wildfire smoke is a public health issue of increasing prominence in North America, particularly in western states and provinces. In this study, Aethalometer data collected at six sites in the Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, from September 2016 through…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, British Columbia, wildfires, air quality, black carbon, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, AAE - absorption angström exponent, aerosol
Biomass burning (BB) emits enormous amounts of aerosol particles and gases into the atmosphere and thereby significantly influences regional air quality and global climate. A dominant particle type from BB is spherical organic aerosol particles commonly referred to as tarballs.…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Japan, climate change, biomass burning, tar balls, organic aerosols, electron microscopy
Fire cues trigger germination and stimulate seedling growth of grass species from Brazilian savannas
Premise: Although fire cues (high temperatures and smoke) influence seed germination in numerous species from fire‐prone environments, their effects on seed germination of species from neotropical savannas are poorly understood. Methods: We exposed seeds of eight grass species…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, Campo Sujo, environmental cues, grasses, heat stimulated germination, karrikinolide, physiological dormancy, Poaceae spp., post-fire environment, seed dormancy, seedling recruitment
Climate change may increase the occurrence and severity of forest fires, leading to worsening wildfire seasons. More frequent burn events would have various effects due to increased haze and smoke, including a greater incidence of impacts on human health and reduced or impaired…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Social Science
Region(s): International
Keywords: British Columbia, Canada, nonmarket valuation, health, air quality, latent class model, heterogeneity, climate change, fire severity, WTP - willingness to pay
Early forest fire detection can effectively be achieved by systems of specialised tower-mounted cameras. With the aim of maximising system visibility of smoke above a prescribed region, the process of selecting multiple tower sites from a large number of potential site locations…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: facility location, maximal cover, NSGA-II, fire detection, South Africa, Africa, optimization
Alaska has recently experienced profound environmental change related to extreme weather events and deviations from the historical climate. Sustained warmth, sea ice loss, coastal flooding, river flooding, and major ecosystem changes have impacted the daily lives of Alaskans…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: fire season, fire management, temperature
In 1998, the Joint Fire Science Program (JFSP) was statutorily authorized as a joint partnership between the U.S. Department of the Interior and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. The program provides leadership to the wildland fire science community by…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Intelligence, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: JFSP - Joint Fire Science Program, fire research, fire regimes, firefighter safety, fire science delivery
In mid-August through mid-September of 2017 a major wildfire smoke and haze episode strongly impacted most of the NW US and SW Canada. During this period our ground-based site in Missoula, Montana, experienced heavy smoke impacts for ∼ 500 h (up to 471 µg m−3 hourly average PM2.…
Person:
Year: 2019
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, trace gases, aerosol optical properties, Montana, black carbon, 2017 fire season, CO - carbon monoxide