Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 173
Fire in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) is not as rare as once believed. Andean TMCFs sit immediately below highly flammable, high-altitude grasslands (Puna/Páramo) that suffer from recurrent anthropogenic fire. This treeline is a zone of climatic tension where…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, carbon budget, peat soils, resprouting, Peru, montane cloud forests, Andes
The potential need for national-level comparisons of greenhouse gas emissions, and the desirability of understanding terrestrial sources and sinks of carbon, has prompted interest in quantifying national forest carbon budgets. In this study, we link a forest inventory database,…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon flux, carbon pools, forest inventory, woody debris, NEP - Net Ecosystem Productivity, soil carbon, tree harvest, age-class distribution, carbon sinks, carbon sources, forest carbon budget, regional carbon storage
Forest fires are can be fatal for firefighters owing to the phenomenon of eruptive fire. The hypothesis of this study is that biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) accumulate in the vicinity of the fire front. One of the factors required for an eruptive fire to take place…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: firefighter safety, France, blowup fires, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds, gas flow, fire case histories, blowup, fire damage (property), fire injuries (humans), fire intensity, fire size, firefighting personnel, flammability, fuel accumulation, rate of spread, wildfires, air temperature, gases, chemical compounds, hydrocarbons, mortality, black pine, statistical analysis, Cistus monspeliensis, maritime pine, Pinus laricio, Pinus pinaster, Corsica, fire management, forest management, fuel management
A wildfire emission model, based on the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System and the Canadian weather forecast Global Environmental Multiscale model, was applied to forest fires that occurred in Canada between 2000 and 2004. Emissions of 21 chemical species and…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, black carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, CO - carbon monoxide, air pollutants, fire hazard reduction, fire size, rate of spread, season of fire, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, climatology, greenhouse gases, pollution, statistical analysis, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, fuel management, boreal forests
Forests contain the world's largest terrestrial carbon stocks, but in seasonally dry environments stock stability can be compromised if burned by wildfire, emitting carbon back to the atmosphere. Treatments to reduce wildfire severity can reduce emissions, but with an immediate…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire management, fire severity, Sierra Nevada, tree mortality, carbon stock, carbon storage, fuels treatments, climate change mitigation
The aim of this study was to assess the effects on combustion characteristics, and their consequences on nutrient losses, of (1) the change in load and packing ratio of the fuel bed, and (2) the change in fuel moisture content. Eighty-one experimental burns were carried out, on…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: fireline intensity, fuel loading, fuel moisture content, fuel consumption, Pinus pinaster, laboratory experiments, particulate and volatile nutrient losses, laboratory fires, air quality, combustion, fire intensity, fire management, France, fuel moisture, Mediterranean habitats, moisture, needles, nutrients, pine forests, Pinus, statistical analysis, temperature
The extent of biomass burning in the Northern Territory, Australia, during 1992 (a year of low fire activity) was estimated using NOAA-AVHRR satellite imagery and was subsequently used to calculate the emission of gaseous compounds from biomass burning for that year. A total of…
Person:
Year: 1995
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, NOAA-AVHRR, Australia, trace gas emissions, biomass burning, Northern Territory of Australia, Australian tropics, aerosol emissions, Acacia spp., arid regions, biomass, Callitris spp., carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, eucalyptus, fire frequency, fire management planning, gases, grass fire, grasslands, Melaleuca, mosaic, Northern Territory of Australia, perennial plant, season of fire, shrublands, tropical forest, understory vegetation
Fire influences carbon dynamics from local to global scales, but many uncertainties remain regarding the remote detection and simulation of heterogeneous fire effects. This study integrates Landsat-based remote sensing and Biome-BGC process modeling to simulate the effects of…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: disturbance, Landsat, net ecosystem production, Oregon, tree mortality, MTBS - Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity, carbon modeling, Biome-BGC
Nighttime smoke dispersal from most prescribed fires is critical for public health and safety. For this reason, prescribed fire training and guidelines include detailed information about smoke management and remind burn managers to be constantly aware of weather, fuel, and other…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: situational awareness, smoke management, fog
We investigated how multiple fuel treatment types, organized in varying spatial arrangements, and at increasing proportions of a mixed-conifer forest in the Klamath Mountains of northern California (~20,000 ha) variably affect carbon sequestration and emissions over a 50 year…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: FVS - Forest Vegetation Simulator, carbon sequestration, carbon storage, fuel treatment, FFE-FVS - Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator, Klamath National Forest
Trees do not just die; there is always a primary cause, and often contributing factors. Trees need adequate quantities of water, heat, light, nutrients, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and other abiotic resources to sustain life, growth, and reproduction. When these factors are…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire regimes, air pollution, climate change, drought, wind, fire suppression effects
Large wildfire occurrence and burned area are modeled using hydroclimate and landsurface characteristics under a range of future climate and development scenarios. The range of uncertainty for future wildfire regimes is analyzed over two emissions pathways (the Special Report on…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire modeling, burned area, moisture deficit, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, flammability, fuel moisture, wildfires, air temperature, climate change, precipitation, fire management, forest management
The availability of integrated, quality-assured fuels, fire, and atmospheric data for development and evaluation of fuels, fire behavior, smoke, and fire effects models is limited. The lack of co-located, multi-scale measures of prefire fuels, active fire processes, and post-…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fire research, RxCADRE
On September 12, 1960, the brand new Northern Forest Fire Laboratory was dedicated in Missoula, MT. The fire lab's mission was-and is-to improve scientific understanding of wildland fire so it can be managed more safely and effectively in the field. The first scientists to work…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire research, knowledge, MFSL - Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, experimental fire, fire danger rating, fire models, fire regimes, flammability, fuel loading, fuel moisture, laboratory fires, smoke effects, wildfires, Montana, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, fire management planning, forest management, fuel management, smoke management
Boreal forests and peatlands in northern circumpolar areas, including Ontario, store globally significant amounts of carbon but are subject to forest fires and other natural disturbances that cycle carbon between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Climate change…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, fire management, carbon sequestration, carbon storage, climate change, peatlands, boreal forests
To investigate spatial variations of CH4 concentration, d13CH4, and dD-CH4 over Alaska, aircraft observations were conducted during the summer of 2006. CH4 concentrations elevated above the background level were observed over areas with wetlands and wildfires, important sources…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wetlands, isotope ratios, CO - carbon monoxide, CH4 - methane, wildfire
Wildfires are a common experience in Alaska where, on average, 3,775 km2 burn annually. More than 90% of the area consumed occurs in Interior Alaska, where the summers are relatively warm and dry, and the vegetation consists predominantly of spruce, birch, and cottonwood.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfires, lightning-caused fires, PM - particulate matter, visibility, CO emissions, PDSI - Palmer Drought Severity Index, CDC - Canadian Drought Code
Studies indicate that, historically, terrestrial ecosystems of the northern high-latitude region may have been responsible for up to 60% of the global net land-based sink for atmospheric CO2. However, these regions have recently experienced remarkable modification of the major…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: carbon cycle, carbon dioxide sinks, climate change, high latitudes, boreal forest fires
We measured the emission factors for 19 trace gas species and particulate matter (PM2.5) from 14 prescribed fires in chaparral and oak savanna in the southwestern US, as well as conifer forest understory in the southeastern US and Sierra Nevada 5 mountains of California. These…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: chaparral, North Carolina, Arizona, monoterpenes, particles, AFTIR - airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, emission factors, trace gases, LaFTIR - land-base Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, temperate coniferous forest
Biomass burning emission inventories serve as critical input for atmospheric chemical transport models that are used to understand the role of biomass fires in the chemical composition of the atmosphere, air quality, and the climate system. Significant progress has been achieved…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: remote sensing, fuel maps, inventory, biomass burning, WFEI - Wildland Fire Emission Inventory, wildland fire emissions
Our project used remotely-sensed infrared radiation measurements to estimate fuel consumption in eastern mixed-oak forests and facilitated the development of smoke management expertise and processes for complying with EPA regulations in Ohio and Kentucky. As a result of two…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: CONSUME, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, hardwood forest, remote sensing, Ohio, fuel consumption, Kentucky, WASP - Wildfire Airborne Sensor Platform , infrared radiation measurements
Fuel consumption is a critical component for estimating the effectiveness of prescribed fire for reducing fuels, emissions, and other fire effects. Because little research on wildland fuel consumption has been conducted in the eastern United States, there are few reliable…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: CONSUME, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke management, Florida, Ohio, Kentucky, fuel consumption models, WASP - Wildfire Airborne Sensor Platform
The management of prescribed and wildland fire on federal, state, and private lands with deep organic soils pose critical challenges for ecosystem management, smoke dispersion, and the protection of private property and human life. Several regions in the US contain significant…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: North Carolina, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke concentration, smoke dispersion, deep organic soil layer, fire emissions, fuel consumption, BlueSky Modeling Framework, fire characteristics
Emissions from wildland (wild and prescribed) fires add to the burden of air pollution and can have adverse impacts on air quality and public health. Numerical models for dispersion and chemical transport, also known as air quality models, can be used to investigate the fire…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, air quality model, smoke impacts, CALPUFF, DAYSMOKE, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, fire plume evolution
Research activities focused on estimating the direct emissions of carbon from wildland fires across North America are reviewed as part of the North American Carbon Program disturbance synthesis. A comparison of methods to estimate the loss of carbon from the terrestrial…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, carbon cycle, carbon emissions, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, North America, wildland fires, fire emissions, emission scenarios