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Topic
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Displaying 1 - 25 of 70
From the text ... 'Smoke from wild and prescribed fire has been an increasing concern in public health and safety over the last few decades. The Georgia Forestry Commission (GFC) encourages safe use of fire on firest lands in Georgia and provides a number of smoke management…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, fire management, forest management, fuel loading, fuel types, Georgia, smoke management, understory vegetation, wildfires, wind
Smoke from fire is a local, regional and often international issue that is growing in complexity as competition for airshed resources increases. BlueSky is a smoke modeling framework designed to help address this problem by enabling simulations of the cumulative smoke impacts…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, BlueSky, British Columbia, Canada, Cascades Range, competition, cropland fires, ecosystem dynamics, fire case histories, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, fuel loading, fuel management, Idaho, land management, Montana, Oregon, remote sensing, smoke management, Washington, wildfires, BlueSky Modeling Framework, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team
This paper presents an operational approach to predicting fire growth for wildland fires in Canada. The approach addresses data assimilation to provide predictions in a timely and efficient manner. Fuels and elevation grids, forecast weather, and active fire locations are…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Alberta, Canada, cover, elevation, fire case histories, fire danger rating, fire growth, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel management, fuel types, ignition, national parks, Northwest Territories, remote sensing, Saskatchewan, temperature, wildfires, wind, wood, fire detection, fire-growth modelling, Wood Buffalo National Park
Each spring, smoke particles from fires over the Yucatan Peninsula and south Mexico cross over the Gulf of Mexico into the United States (US) under the control of moist oceanic air flow from the southwestern branch of the subtropical (Bermuda) high. Smoke can be transported deep…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, biomass, biomass burning, Central America, convection, lightning, Mexico, moisture, ozone, particulates, season of fire, smoke effects, smoke management, water, Central American smoke, severe weather, aerosol-cloud interaction
Recent IPCC projections suggest that Africa will be subject to particularly severe changes in atmospheric conditions. How the vegetation of Africa and particularly the grassland-savanna-forest complex will respond to these changes has rarely been investigated. Most studies on…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, biomass, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, deserts, distribution, disturbance, fertilization, fire exclusion, fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, fuel moisture, grasslands, phenology, physiology, rainforests, range management, roots, savannas, statistical analysis, suppression, temperature, vegetation surveys, adaptive vegetation modelling, aDGVM - Adaptive Dynamic Global Vegetation Model, Africa, climate change, demographic model, DGVM - Dynamic Global Vegetation Model, process-based model, savanna, vegetation distribution
Historical range of variation (HRV) has been used as a conceptual tool to determine appropriate management actions to sustain or restore diversity of ecological systems. This concept has come into question for both biological and social considerations, and the southeastern…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: cavity nesting birds, coastal plain, Colinus virginianus, disturbance, fine fuels, fire dependent species, fire frequency, fire management, fire regimes, fire sensitive plants, fire suppression, forest fragmentation, forest management, fragmentation, fuel management, game birds, Georgia, grasslands, histories, human caused fires, Jones Ecological Research Center, land use, logging, low intensity burns, Native Americans, nongame birds, Picoides borealis, pine, pine forests, Pinus elliottii, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda, savannas, soil management, species diversity (plants), threatened and endangered species (animals), understory vegetation, wetlands, disturbances, fire regimes, historical, future range of variability, legacies, rareness, social acceptability, species richness
In this paper, the main microphysical characteristics of clouds developing in polluted and clean conditions in the biomass-burning season of the Amazon region are examined, with special attention to the spectral dispersion of the cloud droplet size distribution and its potential…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, Amazon, biomass, biomass burning, Brazil, distribution, forest management, moisture, precipitation, radiation, smoke effects, smoke management, South America, statistical analysis, tropical forests, water, wildfires, Cloud Condensation Nuclei, biomass burning, effective radius ratio, relative dispersion, specific cloud water content
A means of determining air emission source regions adversely influencing the city of Prince George, British Columbia, Canada from potential burning of isolated piles of mountain pine beetle-killed lodge pole pine is presented. The analysis uses the CALPUFF atmospheric dispersion…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, British Columbia, burning permits, Canada, Dendroctonus ponderosae, fire exclusion, fire management, forest management, human caused fires, insects, mortality, pine, plant diseases, slash, smoke management, wind, wood, airshed, CALPUFF, influence region, dispersion modeling
This study investigates smoke incursion into urban areas by examining a prescribed burn in central Georgia, USA, on 28 February 2007. Simulations were conducted with a regional modeling framework to understand transport, dispersion, and structure of smoke plumes, the air quality…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, fire management, fire size, Georgia, national forests, particulates, smoke effects, smoke management, wind
Renewable energy sources are expected to represent a growing proportion of the primary energy sources for the production of electricity. Environmental and social reasons support this tendency. European and Spanish energy plans assign a role of primary importance to biomass in…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, biomass, carbon dioxide, energy, Europe, fire frequency, fire management, flammability, forest management, fuel models, fuel types, population density, scrub, shrublands, Spain, wildfires, external effects, CO2 emissions, employment, energy dependence, forest fires, Spain
We evaluate the fine-grain age patch model of fire regimes in southern California shrublands. Proponents contend that the historical condition was characterized by frequent small to moderate size, slow-moving smoldering fires, and that this regime has been disrupted by fire…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Intelligence, Models, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: age classes, BEHAVE, chaparral, distribution, droughts, fine fuels, fire case histories, fire damage (property), fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, fire size, fire suppression, firebrands, flammability, Foehn winds, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel moisture, ignition, mosaic, range management, scrub, shrublands, southern California, suppression, wildfires, wind, 19th century, Baja California, chaparral, fine-grain age patch mosaic, high-intensity fires, megafires, sage scrub, Santa Ana winds
A pair of three-day workshops were held in 2008 and 2009, designed for fire managers responsible for communicating and negotiating with state and local air quality regulators. The workshops were organized by the NWCG Smoke Committee, coordinated by the University of Idaho, and…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality regulations, smoke management, collaboration
This report highlights significant research findings and accomplishments by scientists at the Pacific Northwest (PNW) Research Station during fiscal year 2008. The mission of the PNW Research Station is to generate and communicate scientific knowledge that helps people…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Aquatic
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Pacific Northwest Research Station, accomplishments report, key findings
The impact of smoke from forest burning on air quality is a threat to the use of prescribed fire to manage woodlands in the eastern United States. Population shifts from urban centers to the wildland/urban interface have increased human exposures to smoke. Tighter national…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: air quality, forest management, smoke impacts, smoke modeling, smoke exposure
New estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from Canadian forest fires were calculated based on a revised model for fuel consumption, using both the fire fuel load and the Drought Code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. This model was applied to future climate…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forests, Canada, greenhouse gas emissions, fuel consumption, greenhouse gases, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, cover, drought, fire hazard reduction, fire management, fire size, forest management, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel types, gases, N - nitrogen, particulates, taiga, wildfires
The U.S. Clean Air Act establishes the goal of preventing future and remedying existing visibility impairment in 156 Class I areas (national parks, wilderness areas, and wildlife refuges). A key element in implementing this goal is the Regional Haze Regulation (RHR). RHR is…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, PM2.5, air pollution, Clean Air Act, PM - particulate matter, visibility, Regional Haze Rule, IMPROVE, Haze Index, aerosol loading
Each summer forest fires in southern Europe emit large quantities of pollutants to the atmosphere. These fires can generate a number of air pollution episodes as measured by air quality monitoring networks. We analyzed the impact of forest fires on air quality of specific…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, smoke plume, southern Europe
Mixed-conifer forests of southern California are exposed to nitrogen (N) deposition levels that impair carbon (C) and N cycling, enhance forest flammability, increase the risk of fire occurrence and air pollution emissions in fire, and increase nitrate runoff and soil N…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, forest management, leaching, nitrogen loss, nitrogen deposition, fuel loads, DAYCENT
Concerns about smoke from large high-intensity and managed low intensity fires have been increasing during the past decade. Because smoke from large high-intensity fires are known to contain and generate secondary fine particles (PM2.5) and ozone precursors, the effect of fires…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: BlueSky Modeling Framework, PM2.5, Sierra Nevada, ozone, smoke dispersion, statistical models, secondary fine particles
In Australia the responsibility for management of forests and other public lands rests largely with state governments, and multiple government agencies may be involved in fire management. Whether resulting from wildfire, fuel reduction, or silvicultural operations, biomass…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: fuel reduction, wildfires, smoke dispersion, smoke management, Australia, smoke forecasting
Fuel treatments (prescribed fire and mechanical removal) on public lands in California are critical for reducing fuel accumulation and wildfire frequency and severity and protecting private property located in the wildland-urban interface. Treatments are especially needed in…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, climate change, climate variability, fuel treatment
A summary is presented that integrates general information on the causes and effects of wildland fires and emissions with various ecological impacts of forest fires and air pollution in forests and other ecosystems. We also synthesize information on the regional effects of…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, remote sensing, public health
The interaction between smoke and air pollution creates a public health challenge. Fuels treatments proposed for National Forests are intended to reduce fuel accumulations and wildfire frequency and severity, as well as to protect property located in the wild land-urban…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, air pollution, public health
This report summarizes the science of climate change and the impacts of climate change on the United States, now and in the future. It is largely based on results of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) and integrates those results with related research from around…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire frequency, fire severity, acres burned, climate change, climate change impact analysis
Forest fires in Alaska and western Canada represent important sources of aerosols and trace gases in North America. Among the largest uncertainties when modeling forest fire effects are the timing and injection height of biomass burning emissions. Here we simulate CO and…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, CO - carbon monoxide, transport, aerosol, chemical transport model, GEOS-Chem, injection height, MISR - Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer