Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 210
This guide is designed to help local public health officials prepare for smoke events, to take measures to protect the public when smoke is present, and communicate with the public about wildfire smoke and health. The 2016 version has been updated with the assistance and…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Planning, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public health, wildfire, health impacts, smoke components, sensitive populations, mitigation, smoke exposure, air quality
This assessment was conducted to fulfill the requirements of section 712 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and to contribute to knowledge of the storage, fluxes, and balance of carbon and methane gas in ecosystems of Alaska. The carbon and methane variables…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, carbon storage, greenhouse gas, flux, wildfires, permafrost, C - carbon
The interaction of converging fires often leads to significant changes in fire behavior, including increased flame length, angle, and intensity. In this paper, the fluid mechanics of two adjacent line fires are studied both theoretically and experimentally. A simple potential…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: entrainment, flame, plume, head fire, flank fire, Froude number, line fire, wildfires, flame length, fire interactions
Introduction: Non-compliance with respiratory protection programs among firefighters may put them at increased risk of injury and illness from occupational exposures during fire extinguishing activities. This research aims to characterize respiratory protection practices among…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: firefighters, respiratory protection, respiratory illness, Florida, survey
Prescribed burning is used to reduce the occurrence, extent and severity of uncontrolled fires in many flammable landscapes. However, epidemiologic evidence of the human health impacts of landscape fire smoke emissions is shaping fire management practice through increasingly…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, human health, health effects, wildfires, health impacts, air quality, fire regimes, fuel loading, fire management
Background. Wildfires are anticipated to be more frequent and intense under climate change. As a result, wildfires may emit more air pollutants that can harm health in communities in the future. The health impacts of wildfire smoke under climate change are largely unknown.…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, wildfires, respiratory illness, PM - particulate matter, fine particulate matter, GEOS-Chem, public health, health risk
Presentation to the Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee Arctic Data Collaboration Team Meeting September 2016 by Eric Miller on behalf of the Wildfires Collaboration Team.
Person: Miller
Year: 2016
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: data, data management, remote sensing, fire management, data gaps, wildfire, Alaska Wildland Fire Coordinating Group, soil moisture, fire severity, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, fuels mapping, burn severity, RAWS - Remote Automated Weather Station, fuel moisture, NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
Emissions of fine particulate matter from prescribed burns are a growing concern for wildland fire managers. Stringent air quality regulations and community discern over the emissions from prescribed fire smoke often severely restrict the ability to implement restorative and…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Social Science
Region(s): California
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, air quality, fuel treatments, decision making, Kings Canyon National Park
High-latitude ecosystems store large amounts of carbon in soil organic matter and are among the most vulnerable to climate change. In particular, fire severity and frequency are increasing in boreal ecosystems, and these events are likely to have direct and indirect effects on…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Siberia, fire severity, fire frequency, C - carbon, P - phosphorus, N - nitrogen, feedbacks, soil microbes, nutrients
Randi Jandt provides a roundup of new science relevant to Alaska's fire managers to the Spring 2016 IMT/FMO meeting, April 1, 2016.
Person: Jandt
Year: 2016
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Intelligence, Models, Planning
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: soil moisture, SMAP - Soil Moisture Active Passive, remote sensing, research, fire management, annual area burned
Rick Thoman, Rick Lader, and Nicole Molders presented at the IARC Research Salon Series, May 19, 2016. Rick Thoman, Climate Science and Services Manager, NWS Alaska Region: Seasonal scale forecasting of the atmospheric drivers important to wildfire (0-15:50); Rick Lader, PhD…
Person: Thoman, Lader, Mölders
Year: 2016
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate models, fire weather, fire weather forecast, dynamic modelling, extreme fire, area burned, lightning, CFFDRS - Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System, BUI - CFFDRS Buildup Index, WRF - Weather Research and Forecasting, UAV - unmanned aerial vehicles, smoke forecasting
[Executive Summary] The Federal Land Assistance, Management, and Enhancement Act of 2009 (FLAME Act) called for the development of a National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (Cohesive Strategy). The Cohesive Strategy was created to serve as guidance to assist…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Aquatic, Aviation, Climate, Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Logistics, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildland fire, National Cohesive Wildland Fire Management Strategy (Cohesive Strategy), WFLC - Wildland Fire Leadership Council, fuels management, CPAW - Community Planning Assistance for Wildfire, community planning, wildfire
Background: Wildfire activity is predicted to increase in many parts of the world due to changes in temperature and precipitation patterns from global climate change. Wildfire smoke contains numerous hazardous air pollutants and many studies have documented population health…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: health impacts, air pollutants, literature review, respiratory illness, wildfires, smoke effects, air quality, health factors, hydrocarbons, ozone, particulates, pollution, fire management, smoke management
Accurate assessment of forest carbon storage and uptake is central to policymaking aimed at mitigating climate change and understanding the role forests play in the global carbon cycle. Disturbances have highly diverse impacts on forest carbon dynamics, making them a challenge…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: harvest, bark beetles, carbon storage, time since fire, biomass
A present challenge in fire ecology is to optimize management techniques so that ecological services are maximized and C emissions minimized. Here, we modeled the effects of different prescribed-burning rotation intervals and wildfires on carbon emissions (present and future) in…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon emissions, United Kingdom, Calluna vulgaris, wildfires, moorland, climate change, biomass, biomass accumulation, burning rotation, litter
A series of presentations in which experts explore the trade-offs between wildfire, prescribed fire, forest health, and public health in a one day public forum. This seminar event was hosted by the University of British Columbia on April 18th, 2016.
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke management, public health, fire management, air quality, smoke prediction
The 2014 National Smoke Forum was held in Halifax, Nova Scotia on October 10, 2014 in association with the Wildland Fire Canada conference. The Forum was an opportunity to discuss the importance of wildfire smoke, review the current technology and tools that help inform decision…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke management, public health, PM - particulate matter, smoke forecasting, BlueSky Modeling Framework, air quality
Exceptional events are unusual or naturally occurring events that can affect air quality but are not reasonably controllable using techniques that tribal, state or local air agencies may implement in order to attain and maintain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. …
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, exceptional event, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, wildfires, O3 - ozone
We developed a gain-loss approach to estimating the dynamics of the dead organic matter pool in northern Australian savannas consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2006 guidance. Previously, only emissions of methane and nitrous oxide were accounted in…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, ash, CWD - coarse woody debris, combustion, decomposition, residues, savannas, greenhouse gas emissions, C - carbon, post-fire recovery, air quality, fire regimes, climate change, fire models
EPA's Exceptional Events Rule guidance page which includes the final rule, the EER guidance document, responses to public comments, fact sheets, the federal register notice, and prior drafts of the rule and guidance.
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: exceptional event, air quality, wildfire, O3 - ozone, guidance
Wildfires are an important component of terrestrial ecosystem ecology but also a major natural hazard to societies, and their frequency and spatial distribution must be better understood. At a given location, risk from wildfire is associated with the annual fraction of burned…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: future fire activity, biogeochemistry, climate change impact analysis, ecological modeling, atmospheric carbon dioxide, CO2 - carbon dioxide, area burned, fire models, fire size, wildfires, climate change, population density, fire management, fire hazard
Wildfires are one of the main disturbances that impact structure, sustainability, and carbon budget of Siberian forests, as well as infrastructure and human safety. The Zabaikal region in the south of Siberia is characterized by one of the highest levels of fire activity in…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: Siberia, area burned, carbon emissions, fuel loads, post-fire regeneration, repeated burn, steppification, Zabaikal region, Russia
Seedling recruitment plays a crucial role in recovering plant communities after disturbance. As a natural disturbance, fire can mediate species composition in fescue prairie. However, little was known about the effects of important fire cues on seedling recruitment in fescue…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire cues, seedling density, species composition, species richness, seedling emergence, ash, seed bank, Canada
The extent of fires, their periodicity and their impact on terrestrial communities have been a major concern in the last century. Wildfires play an important role in shaping landscapes and as a source of CO2 and particulate matter, contributing to the green house effect and to…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Spain, BI - Bayesian inference, spatial modeling, wildfires, spatiotemporal marked point pattern, PM - particulate matter, CO2 - carbon dioxide, fire size
On the evening of July 30, 2015, 38-year-old Black Hills National Forest Engine Captain David “Dave” Ruhl was entrapped and killed while scouting on foot during initial attack of the Frog Fire on the Modoc National Forest (Region 5, California). A Coordinated Response Team was…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Logistics, Planning, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: Frog Fire, Modoc National Forest, firefighter fatalities, lessons learned, entrapment, fatalities, fire management, fire suppression, training