Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 143
Aerostat-lofted instrument and sampling method for determination of emissions from open area sources
An aerostat-borne instrument and sampling method was developed to characterize air samples from area sources, such as emissions from open burning. The 10 kg battery-powered instrument system, termed “the Flyer”, is lofted with a helium-filled aerostat of 4 m nominal diameter and…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air samples, open burning, emission factors, detonation, CO2 - carbon dioxide, SVOC - semi-volatile organic compounds, VOC - volatile organic compounds, PM - particulate matter
The impact of wildfires on surface air composition over central Siberia is investigated based on near-surface carbon monoxide (CO) measurements conducted at Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO), a remote station in the center of Siberia, during 2007 and 2008 warm seasons.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: CO - carbon monoxide, Siberia
This assessment was conducted to fulfill the requirements of section 712 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 and to improve understanding of carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the Great Plains region in the central part of the United States. The…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: C - carbon, carbon storage, greenhouse gas, flux, climate change, wildfires, wildland fire, area burned, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, carbon dioxide
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of how emissions from wildland fires were calculated and reported in the Environmental Protection Agency‘s (EPA) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Sinks: 1990 – 2009. All information presented below is from the…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, CH4 - methane, N2O - nitrous oxide, wildfires, agricultural burning
The Air Indicator Report for Public Awareness and Community Tracking v.3 (AIRPACT-3) air quality forecast model simulates EPA criteria pollutants and their precursors, providing quantitative descriptions of regional air quality in the Pacific Northwest. This study focuses on…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air quality, NASA land cover, Earth Observation, atmospheric particles, CALIPSO, CO - carbon monoxide, forecasting
Earth Observation (EO) sensors play an important role in quantifying biomass burning related fuel consumption and carbon emissions, and capturing their spatial and temporal dynamics. Typically, biomass burning emissions inventories are developed by exploiting either burned area…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: burned area, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Africa, biomass burning, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, EI - Emission Inventory, SEVIRI - Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database
Thermal remote sensing studies of actively burning wildfires are usually based on the detection of Planckian energy emissions in the MIR (3-5 μm), LWIR (8-14 μm) and/or SWIR (1.0-2.5 μm) spectral regions. However, vegetation also contains a series of trace elements which…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: remote sensing, vegetation fires, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, K - potassium, Italy
Wildland fires are an annually recurring phenomenon in many terrestrial ecosystems. Accurate burned area estimates are important for modeling fire-induced trace gas emissions and rehabilitating post-fire landscapes. High spatial and spectral resolution MODIS/ASTER (MASTER)…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: NBR - Normalized Burn Ratio, fire detection, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, burned area mapping, ASTER - Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, emissivity
Land managers need a tool to accurately and efficiently estimate the biomass of hand- and machine-piled fuels as pile burning becomes a more widespread and common method for treating high fire hazard areas with heavy surface fuels. This proposal is to incorporate the calculation…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: pile burning, hand-pile biomass, Hand-piled Fuels Biomass Calculator
The frequency of wildfires in forests of the Western United States has increased over the past 50 years and is expected to further increase in the face of warming climates. With an expanding wildland-urban interface (WUI), fire managers increasingly are facing challenges with…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire frequency, information sharing, NWFSC - Northwest Fire Science Consortium
Regional smoke and air quality models require plume rise information (the height of smoke plumes and vertical distribution of smoke particles) as initial and boundary conditions in modeling point-source emissions like wildland fires. A unrealistic specification of plume rise…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, plume rise, smoke dispersion, DAYSMOKE
This proposal seeks to evaluate existing and new smoke models and to assess the emissions related uncertainties in model predictions. The models to be evaluated are CALPUFF as used in the Blusky framework; the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model; DAYSMOKE as an…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, PM2.5, air pollution, model evaluation, smoke impacts, CALPUFF, DAYSMOKE, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System
The management of prescribed and wildland fire on federal, state, and private lands with deep organic soils pose critical challenges for ecosystem management, smoke dispersion, and the protection of private property and human life. Several regions in the US contain significant…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke concentration, smoke dispersion, deep organic soil layer, fire emissions, fuel consumption, trace gases, fire characteristics, decision support tools
Fuel consumption is one of the most critical variables in estimating smoke production for smoke management planning in the eastern United States. Although there are fuel consumption equations contained within the national fuel consumption and emissions production tools Consume 3…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Project
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, fuel loading, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, smoke management, model validation, smoke production, fuel consumption, SEMIP - Smoke and Emissions Model Intercomparison Project
You plan and light a 28-acre prescribed fire. Within six hours it escapes, burns 24 thousand acres, evacuates a community, destroys 41 homes and, tragically kills one of your crew. Even though this tragic event occurred 30 years ago, several of its key lessons learned are still…
Person: Keller
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: crown fire, escaped fire, firefighter fatalities, firefighter safety, situational awareness, high reliability organization
Introduction to WFDSS - Air Quality ToolsSmoke management is an important aspect of managing wildland fire. While mitigating smoke impacts from prescribed burns is important, smoke from large wildfire complexes (such as the AZ/NM fires in 2011) can expose millions of people to…
Person: Rorig
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, smoke impacts, smoke management, WFDSS - Wildland Fire Decision Support System, BlueSky Modeling Framework, WFDSS-AQ - Wildland Fire Air Quality Tools Portal
The NWCG Smoke Committee (SmoC) hosted this webinar on June 28, 2011. Four presentations and a discussion period examined public perception and messaging about smoke and fire. The webinar was a key initial step in developing needed messaging about wildland fire smoke, and it…
Person: McCaffrey, McCarthy, Hall, Olsen
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public opinion, wildland fire, public perception, smoke impacts, smoke management, smoke messaging
Greg Jones presented a webinar on using biomass for bioenergy. The greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions from delivering and burning forest treatment residue biomass in a boiler for thermal energy are compared with onsite disposal by pile-burning and using various…
Person: Jones
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, logging residue, bioenergy, biomass energy
Mediasite video presentation given by Miriam Rorig, (USFS, Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Lab) at the 2011 Southwest Interagency Fuels Workshop, Flagstaff, AZ on March 9, 2011. New models and advances in smoke modeling, such as BlueSky, a modeling framework that links a variety…
Person: Rorig
Year: 2011
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, BlueSky Modeling Framework, fuel characteristics, fuel consumption modeling, smoke dispersion, smoke modeling, wildland fire decision support tools, fire characteristics, Southwest Interagency Fuels Workshop, WFDSS-AQ - Wildland Fire Air Quality Tools Portal
Wind erosion and aeolian transport processes are largely unstudied in the post-wildfire environment, but recent studies have shown that wind erosion can play a major role in burned landscapes. A wind erosion monitoring system was installed immediately following a wildfire in…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, ash, Idaho, PM - particulate matter, PM10, burned soil, sediment flux, wind erosion
Gas and particulate fractions were measured simultaneously from a wildfire in Penedono, central Portugal, which occurred in summer 2009. The total volatile hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon oxides (CO2 and CO) collected in Tedlar bags were measured using automatic analysers with…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, incendiary fires, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, climate change, gases, hydrocarbons, particulates, Portugal, Europe, fire management, smoke management, wildfire, organic compounds, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, emission factors
Fires in tropical forests release globally significant amounts of carbon to the atmosphere and may increase in importance as a result of climate change. Despite the striking impacts of fire on tropical ecosystems, the paucity of robust spatial models of forest fire still hampers…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire regimes, fire size, human caused fires, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, climate change, deforestation, droughts, roads, statistical analysis, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, cerrado, tropical forests, carbon emissions, hot pixels, IPCC A2 scenario, Redd, SimAmazonia
In this work, a methodology based on the macro-tracer approach was improved to obtain a more reliable estimate of the wood burning impact on PM10 and OC concentrations.Indeed, literature emission factors were weighed by the wood consumption data available for the investigated…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: human caused fires, air quality, C - carbon, particulates, Italy, Europe, smoke management, levoglucosan, wood burning, emission factors, source apportionment
Over the coming decades, climate change will increasingly affect forest ecosystem processes, but the future magnitude and direction of these responses is uncertain. We designed 12 scenarios combining possible changes in tree growth rates, decay rates, and area burned by wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, Northwest
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, C - carbon, climate change, decay, forest products, greenhouse gases, plant growth, British Columbia, Canada, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, taiga, adaptation, CBM-CFS3 - Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector, forest fire, greenhouse gas emissions, harvested wood products
This study focused on structural analysis of ground carbon storage following fires in light conifer stands of the Lower Angara region (Siberia, Russia). Experimental fires of varying frontal intensity were conducted at Scots pine and mixed larch forests of southern taiga.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, biomass, C - carbon, Larix sibirica , larch, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Asia, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, light conifer stands, carbon storage, biomass consumption, carbon emissions, forest type, depth of burn