Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 169
The Pacific Northwest (PNW) Research Station conducts research on a wide range of topics to improve the management and use of natural resources. Categorizing this research is often difficult because in many cases the crux of an issue lies in its connection to many natural…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Aquatic
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire, wildlife, climate change, watersheds, community sustainability, forests and grasslands, learning events
The purpose of the workshop was for research scientists, air quality specialists, policy administrators, and others to present and discuss recent advances in research relating to estimation of emission factors for particulate matter (PM) and its constituents (organic carbon,…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, emission estimates, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions, workshop summary
The Range-Wide Conservation Plan for Longleaf Pine calls for increasing longleaf pine from 3.4 million acres to 8 million acres by 2025. This effort is supported by federal and state agencies and nongovernmental organizations (NGO) in the Southeast, and dovetails with the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, smoke management, air quality regulations, prescribed burning policies, stakeholder collaboration
Fires in agricultural ecosystems emit greenhouse gases and aerosols that influence climate on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Annex 1 countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many of which ratified the Kyoto Protocol, are required to…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: agriculture, CO2 - carbon dioxide, cropland fires, mitigation, biomass burning, satellite observations, radiative forcing, fire frequency, aerosols, air quality, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, fire management, range management, croplands
Emission reduction has become an essential part of the effort to reduce air pollution from forest slash burning. The State of Washington has set a goal of reducing emissions by 35 percent by 1990, leaving the choice of emission reduction techniques to forest managers. Several…
Person:
Year: 1984
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: emission reduction, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fire management planning, prescribed fire planning, slash burning, source strength model, coniferous slash
Historical fire suppression efforts have led to the alteration of forest structure and fuel conditions across the United States. Correspondingly, managers are now faced with higher fuel loads and denser vegetation as well as growing forest communities and wildland-urban…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: public opinion, decision making, public perceptions
The decision to use prescribed fire for the management of forests is a complex and uncertain process. The interplay of the risks and benefits from prescribed fires creates a high degree of uncertainty in outcomes that can lead to the use of various decision-heuristics, or mental…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: South Carolina, decision making, fire use
There is a growing concern that human health impacts from exposure to wildfire smoke are ignored in estimates of monetized damages from wildfires. Current research highlights the need for better data collection and analysis of these impacts. Using unique primary data, this paper…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, health effects, WTP - willingness to pay, cost of illness, Station Fire
In several biomes, including croplands, wooded savannas, and tropical forests, many small fires occur each year that are well below the detection limit of the current generation of global burned area products derived from moderate resolution surface reflectance imagery. Although…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, agriculture, agricultural burning, carbon cycle, area burned, land use change, wildland fire, wildfires, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, biomass burning
Smoke from bushfires is an emerging issue for fire managers because of increasing evidence for its public health effects. Development of forecasting models to predict future pollution levels based on the relationship between bushfire activity and current pollution levels would…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, wildfires, pollution, air pollution, wind, forecasting, particulates
Managers, regulators, and others often need information on the emissions from wildland fire and their expected smoke impacts. In order to create this information, combinations of models are utilized. The modeling steps follow a logical progression from fire activity through to…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke impacts, fire emissions, SEMIP - Smoke and Emissions Model Intercomparison Project
The deposition of black carbon (BC), a dark absorbing aerosol, is a significant contributor to observed warming trends in the Arctic (Hansen and Nazarenko, 2004; Jacobson et al., 2007). Biomass burning outside of the Arctic, including wildland prescribed fires, is a major…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: Arctic, black carbon, smoke dispersion, smoke transport
A report to the NWCG Smoke Committee examining the degree of smoke training (via completion of 'Smoke Management Techniques' or 'Prescribed Fire Plan Preparation') for positions identified by a previous report as having smoke management criteria within their position task books…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: training, NWCG - National Wildfire Coordinating Group, smoke management, IQCS - Interagency Qualification and Certification System, positions
Biological activity and the physical environment regulate greenhouse gas fluxes (CH4, N2O and NO) from upland soils. Wildfires are known to alter these factors such that we collected daily weather records, fire return intervals, or specific fire years, and soil data of four…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fire regimes, fire suppression, fire exclusion, Colorado Front Range, trace gases, soil, CH4 - methane, N2O - nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrification, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, DAYCENT
Background: Characterizing factors which determine susceptibility to air pollution is an important step in understanding the distribution of risk in a population and is critical for setting appropriate policies. We evaluate general and specific measures of community health as…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: North Carolina, asthma, air pollution, air quality, heart failure, climate change, wildfires, disparities and susceptibility, public health
Objectives: Human exposure to wood smoke particles (WSP) impacts on human health through changes in indoor air quality, exposures from wild fires, burning of biomass and air pollution. This investigation tested the postulate that healthy volunteers exposed to WSP would…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wood smoke, particles, PM - particulate matter, biomass burning, human health, air pollution, pulmonary inflammation, health impacts, wildfires
To understand the effect of leaf-surface pesticides on emissions of PCDD/F during biomass burns, nine combustion experiments simulating the open burning of biomass were conducted. Needles and branches of Pinus taeda (Loblolly pine) were sprayed with the pesticide 2,4-…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: loblolly pine, Pinus taeda, biomass burning, 2,4-D, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, experimental burn, pesticides
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants includes in its aims the minimisation of unintentional releases of polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) and dioxin like PCB (dl-PCB) to the environment. Development and implementation of policies…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Eastern, Southern, International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, wildfires, air quality, ash, pollution, toxicity, fire management, forest management, smoke management, croplands, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, persistent organic pollutants, sugarcane burning, forest fires, laboratory fires, Australia, Florida, North Carolina, Minnesota, France
UV absorption in Valparaíso, Chile, is analyzed during the passage of a smoke column from a nearby forest fire. Total solar absorption is measured, UVB and UVA radiation, UV nanometre to nanometre between 295 nm and 315 nm. With the purpose of seeing what factors intervene in…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Chile, UV - ultra violet, PM - particulate matter, absorption
The methodology for this assessment explicitly addressed ecosystem disturbances, including human- and naturally caused wildland fires, as required by the EISA legislation (U.S. Congress, 2007; Zhu and others, 2010). As indicated by figure 1.2 in chapter 1 of this report, the…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, area burned, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, carbon sequestration, wildfires, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, mitigation, fire management
This assessment was conducted to fulfill the requirements of section 712 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 and to improve understanding of carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States. The assessment examined carbon…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, C - carbon, carbon storage, greenhouse gases, flux, sequestration, wildfires
This paper examines the economic potential for fire management to provide offsets to carbon markets in the savannas of northern Australia. Long-term field trials in Australia's savannas have quantified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions abatement resulting from improved fire…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, greenhouse gas emissions, fire management
Savanna burning for greenhouse gas abatement presents an opportunity for remote Aboriginal communities of northern Australia to engage with the mainstream economy while fulfilling cultural obligations for land stewardship. The recently established Tiwi Carbon Study aims to…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: greenhouse gas, aboriginal burning practices, Australia, fire management, AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, savannas, satellite imagery, C - carbon, fire frequency, fire intensity
States in the humid southeastern US (ex. Louisiana, South Carolina) are investigating or already implementing a methodology developed in the arid intermountain west where particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) concentrations…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, visibility, PM2.5, AQI - Air Quality Index, research needs, particulates, atmospheric chemistry, WinHaze
Based on its review of the air quality criteria and the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter (PM), the EPA is making revisions to the suite of standards for PM to provide requisite protection of public health and welfare and to make corresponding…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, wildfires, AQI - Air Quality Index