Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 184
SEILAF is a system designed for training, simulation and research in the fight again forest fires in a 3D world of a great virtual realism. A consortium of technological centers CITIC and CATEC, enterprises such as INDRA and FASSA, and the University of Cordoba have taken part…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Models, Planning
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire simulation, training, Spain, virtual training, SEILAF, smoke simulation
Smoke management is one of the most important considerations in all fire prescriptions. In many situations it is the first planning step-the rest of the prescription is built around smoke dispersal in a specific direction. National Weather Service forecasts provide a key source…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: FEPS - Fire Emissions Production Simulator, HYSPLIT-CheM forecast model, smoke management, VSMOKE, Simple Smoke Screening model
Fuel consumption specifies the amount of vegetative biomass consumed during wildland fire. It is a two-stage process of pyrolysis and combustion that occurs simultaneously and at different rates depending on the characteristics and condition of the fuel, weather, topography, and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fuel consumption, wildland fire emissions
Wind erosion and aeolian transport processes are under studied compared to rainfall-induced erosion and sediment transport on burned landscapes. Post-fire wind erosion studies have predominantly focused on near-surface sediment transport and associated impacts such as on-site…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: dust, Idaho, PM10, post-fire, sagebrush steppe, sediment flux, wind erosion
Fuel Loading Models (FLMs) and Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCSs) fuelbeds are used throughout wildland fire science and management to simplify fuel inputs into fire behavior and effects models, but they have yet to be thoroughly evaluated with field data. In this…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: FIA - Forest Inventory and Analysis, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, fuel loading, LANDFIRE, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, surface fuels, fuel type characteristics, dead fuels, fuel models, fuel types, wildfires, woody fuels, duff, litter, soil temperature, fire management, fuel management
As forest carbon offset projects become more popular, professional foresters are providing their expertise to support them. But when several members of the Society of American Foresters questioned the science and assumptions used to design the projects, the organization decided…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: forest management, carbon offsets, greenhouse gas mitigation
We used a combination of field measurements and simulation modelling to quantify the effects of salvage logging, and a combination of salvage logging and pile-and-burn fuel surface fuel treatment (treatment combination), on fuel loadings, fire behaviour, fuel consumption and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, fuel reduction treatments, FFE-FVS - Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator, salvage logging, Consume 3.0, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, Oregon, pile burn, blowdown, windstorms, fire hazard reduction, flame length, fuel loading, heavy fuels, woody fuels, air quality, duff, elevation, lichens, litter, logging, mosses, overstory, population density, salvage, shrubs, size classes, storms, wind, windthrow, fire management, forest management, fuel management, sloping terrain
Wildfires are the most common disturbances in Mediterranean forest ecosystems that cause significant emissions of greenhouse gases as a result of biomass burning. Despite this, there is reasonably high uncertainty regarding the actual fraction of burnt biomass and the related…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, fire severity, biomass, CO2 - carbon dioxide, Europe, forest type, Portugal, Spain, Greece, greenhouse gases, France, Italy, fire injury, wildfires, air quality, vegetation surveys, fire management, forest management, smoke management, coniferous forests, Mediterranean habitats
Emissions from forest fires directly affect the global and regional carbon cycles by increasing atmospheric carbon as well as affecting carbon sequestration by forests. We have estimated the release of total carbon, carbon-based trace gases (CO2, CO, CH4) and non-methane…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon emissions, Japan, trace gas emissions, fire size, fuel loading, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, gases, hydrocarbons, statistical analysis, Asia, fire management, smoke management
First order fire effects are those that concern the direct or indirect or immediate consequences of fire. First order fire effects form an important basis for prediction secondary effects such as tree regeneration plant succession, and changes in site productivity, but these…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, duff, moisture regimes, soil heating, fuel consumption, tree mortality
We applied standard forest inventory and soil sampling techniques to estimate carbon stocks in aboveground forest components and belowground in soil and fine roots to 30 cm depth before, and immediately after, low intensity planned burning. Three areas within Eucalyptus obliqua…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: CWD - coarse woody debris, litter, biomass, carbon stock, understory, Australia, Eucalyptus obliqua , carbon dioxide
Modeling fire effects, including terrestrial and atmospheric carbon fluxes and pollutant emissions during wildland fires, requires accurate predictions of fuel consumption. Empirical models were developed for predicting fuel consumption from fuel and environmental measurements…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fuel loading, gallberry, longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, saw palmetto, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, shrubs, pine flatwoods, fuel consumption, fire size, fuel moisture, wildfires, air quality, duff, herbaceous vegetation, litter, national forests, statistical analysis, SFP - Southern Fire Portal, Aristida stricta, wiregrass, Ilex glabra, Picoides borealis, red-cockaded woodpeckers, Pinus elliottii, slash pine, Pinus serotina, pond pine, Quercus chapmanii, Chapman oak, Quercus minima, dwarf live oak, Serenoa repens, Apalachicola National Forest, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, Florida, Georgia, flatwoods, fire management, forest management, fuel management, pine forests
Exposure to combustion products from wildland fires causes respiratory irritation and decreased lung function among firefighters. The authors evaluated carbon monoxide (CO) exposures of a group of wildland firefighters who conducted prescribed burns in the southeastern United…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: southeastern United States, firefighter health, smoke exposure, CO - carbon monoxide
Open biomass burning (excluding biofuels) is an important contributor to air pollution in the Asian region. Estimation of emissions from fires, however, has been problematic, primarily because of uncertainty in the size and location of sources and in their temporal and spatial…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: CONSUME, FCCS - Fuel Characteristic Classification System, Asia, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, BlueSky Modeling Framework, open biomass burning, atmospheric emissions
Sequestration of carbon (C) in forests has the potential to mitigate the effects of climate change by offsetting future emissions of greenhouse gases. However, in dry temperate forests, wildfire is a natural disturbance agent with the potential to release large fluxes of C into…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Southwest
Keywords: fire severity, literature review, carbon dynamics, carbon sequestration, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, fuel treatment
This study attempts to understand the effect of the main fire factors (smoke, ash and heat) on the germination of three invasive species widely distributed in many countries: Acacia melanoxylon, Conyza canadensis and Eucalyptus globulus. Fifteen simple treatments were tested: 3…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: ash, germination, heat, invasive species, Spain, Eucalyptus globulus, Conyza canadensis, post-fire response, Acacia melanoxylon, heat effects, post-fire recovery, smoke effects, Canadian horseweed, blue gum, Europe, fire management, forest management, smoke management
Fuel consumption predictions are necessary to accurately estimate or model fire effects, including pollutant emissions during wildland fires. Fuel and environmental measurements on a series of operational prescribed fires were used to develop empirical models for predicting fuel…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Artemisia tridentata, big sagebrush, area burned, shrubs, burn season, fuel consumption
Boreal forests constitute the world's largest terrestrial carbon pools. The main natural disturbance in these forests is wildfire, which modifies the carbon budget and atmosphere, directly and indirectly. Wildfire emissions in Russia contribute substantially to the global carbon…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: area burned, carbon cycle, land cover, Siberia, fuel consumption, fire hazard reduction, fire size, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, cover, mosaic, remote sensing, Russia, fire management, forest management, fuel management, boreal forests, grasslands, taiga, tundra, wetlands
The air in the valley settles like a grey blanket, engulfing residents with lingering smoke for what could be days or weeks. The smoke might come from a wildfire being fought miles away, a prescribed burn, or a neighbor's woodstove or burn pile. The wind may sweep this low-…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: public opinion, smoke impacts, public perceptions, NWFSC - Northwest Fire Science Consortium
The worldwide 'wildfire' problem is headlined by the loss of human lives and homes, but it applies generally to any adverse effects of unplanned fires, as events or regimes, on a wide range of environmental, social, and economic assets. The problem is complex and contingent,…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: biodiversity, fire management, fire regime, adaptation, policy, fatalities, disaster, assets
Fire disturbance is a primary driver of forest dynamics across the circumpolar boreal region, although there are major differences in continental fire regimes. Relatively infrequent, high intensity crown fires dominate North American boreal forests, and low to moderate intensity…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire regimes, carbon emissions, Russia, global climate models, fire intensity, fire size, surface fires, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, climate change, disturbance, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests
Boreal forest dynamics are largely driven by disturbance, and fire is a prevalent force of change across the boreal circumpolar region. North American and Eurasian boreal fire regimes are known to be very different but there are few quantitative comparison studies. Russian and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire regimes, carbon emissions, Russia, fire danger rating, fire intensity, fuel loading, fuel types, rate of spread, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, fire management, forest management
The ability to predict forest fuel consumption is critical, namely in the frame of hazard-reduction burning treatments designed to achieve effective fuel reduction with minimal environmental impact. Litter and understory fine fuels (diameter <0.6 cm) consumption by fire were…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fuel moisture, CO2 - carbon dioxide, Portugal, fire danger rating, fuel consumption, Mediterranean pine forest, experimental fire, fine fuels, fire hazard reduction, fuel loading, surface fires, air quality, litter, understory vegetation, Pinus pinaster, fire management, maritime pine, forest management, fuel management, Mediterranean habitats, pine forests
Areas affected by forest fires that occurred in 2005 were mapped in the municipalities of Boca do Acre and Lábrea (in the southern part of Brazil's state of Amazonas) and estimates were made of the loss of biomass and carbon stock and the committed emissions from increased tree…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon emissions, global warming, greenhouse gases, satellite imagery, Amazon, Brazil, fire injuries (plants), fire scar analysis, fire size, wildfires, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, mortality, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, tropical forest
An extensive program of experiments focused on biomass burning emissions began with a laboratory phase in which vegetative fuels commonly consumed in prescribed fires were collected in the southeastern and southwestern US and burned in a series 5 of 71 fires at the US Forest…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern, Southwest
Keywords: field experimental fires, trace gas emissions, emission factors, laboratory experiments, biomass burning