Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 51 - 75 of 184
Estimates of methane wildfire emissions from Northeast Eurasia for years 2000-2011 are reported on the basis of satellite burned area data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS MCD45 data product) and ecosystem-dependent fire emission parameters. Average…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, CH4 - methane, remote sensing, Asia, Europe, fire management, smoke management, boreal forests, wetlands, methane emissions, biomass burning, satellite observations, boreal forest
Peatlands in Indonesia are protected by regulations that forbid the conversion of these lands into plantations. However, peat fires here have been found to be a major source of smoke that travels across national boundaries creating regional haze. Despite these regulations, more…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): International
Keywords: peat fires, air quality, plantations, Indonesia, Asia, fire management, peatlands, Indonesia, peatlands, fire and haze, oil palm plantations, patronage politics, decentralization
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important greenhouse gas that is emitted during the incomplete combustion of biomass burning. In this study, we assessed the Measurements Of Pollution In the Troposphere (MOPITT) CO retrievals from two different biomass burning regions, fires in the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, slash and burn, agriculture, CO - carbon monoxide, remote sensing, India, Asia, fire management, smoke management, forest and agriculture residue fires, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
We analyzed measurements of aerosol and trace-gas concentrations from sites across Sweden before and during a series of agricultural wildland fires in eastern Europe in spring 2006. During the burning episodes, concentrations of background particulate matter (PM) and trace gases…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: cropland fires, aerosols, agriculture, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, ozone, particulates, pollution, Sweden, Europe, fire management, smoke management
Savannas constitute the most fire-prone biome on Earth and annual emissions from savanna-burning activities are a globally important source of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Here, we describe the application of a commercial fire-management program being implemented over 28 000…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, season of fire, aborigines, air quality, greenhouse gases, Northern Territory of Australia, Queensland, western Australia, Australia, fire management, range management, savannas
Objective : We examined the association between validated bushfire smoke pollution events and hospital admissions in three eastern Australian cities from 1994 to 2007.
Methods : Smoke events were defined as days on which bushfire smoke caused the 24‐hour citywide average…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, air quality, Australia, bushfires, public health, PM - particulate matter, hospital admissions, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, vegetation fires
From the text 'This handbook is intended as a reference booklet for the forest— fire lookouts who are cooperating on Project Skyfire. Project Sky*fire has 2 broad objectives: (1) to gain a better understanding of the occurrence, behavior, and control of lightning fires, and (2)…
Person:
Year: 1955
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: fire control, fire management, fire suppression, hardwood forests, lightning, lightning caused fires, pine forests, smoke management, storms, weather observations, wildfires
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Person:
Year: 1955
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: blowups, catastrophic fires, fire control, fire danger rating, fire suppression, rate of spread, spot fires, statistical analysis, wind
Atmospheric organic aerosol concentrations depend in part on the gas-particle partitioning of primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions. Consequently, heating and dilution were used to investigate the volatility of biomass-burning smoke particles from combustion of common North…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: biomass burning, organic aerosols, gas-particle partitioning, volatility distributions
Smoke from wildfires has adverse biological and social consequences, and various lines of evidence suggest that smoke concentrations in the future may be more intense, more frequent, more widespread, or all of the above. In this document, we review the essential ingredients of a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, smoke transport, smoke prediction systems, wildfire regime, feedbacks, coupled models
The wildfire season of 2012 marked the first year of a coordinated interagency and programmatic effort to address air quality impacts of wildfires on a national scale, both on incidents and at area command levels. Previously, individual efforts to address smoke from wildfires…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Southwest
Keywords: air quality, smoke impacts
Satellite based fire radiant energy retrievals are widely applied to assess biomass consumed and emissions at regional to global scales. A known potential source of uncertainty in biomass burning estimates arises from fuel moisture but this impact has not been quantified in…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, remote sensing, biomass burning, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
Key Findings: 1)Climate forecasts indicate that the South's spring and fall wildfire seasons will be extended. 2)Prescribed fires, currently conducted on roughly a 3 to 5 year rotation across much of the South, would need to become more frequent if conditions become drier. 3)…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, climate change, fire potential, human health, PDI - Palmer Drought Index, fuel build up, climate scenario, wildfire potential mapping, future fire activity, prescribed fire alternatives
Although grassland and savanna occupy only a quarter of the world's vegetation, burning in these ecosystems accounts for roughly half the global carbon emissions from fire. However, the processes that govern changes in grassland burning are poorly understood, particularly on…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: grasslands, Africa, biomass burning
The Fire Modeling Institute (FMI) brings the best available fire and fuel science and technology developed throughout the research community to bear in fire-related management issues. Although located within the Fire, Fuel, and Smoke Science Program of the U.S. Forest Service…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: MPB - mountain pine beetle, smoke science research, Fire Modeling Institute
The term 'backfire' refers to a commonly used method for prescribed burning in which the igniter sets a line of fire that slowly backs into the wind. This technique should not be confused with the colloquial use of the term 'backfire' for 'suppression fire,' which refers to any…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, backfire
A statistical model, based on numerical weather prediction (NWP), is developed to predict the subsequent day's satellite observations of fire activity in the North American boreal forest during the fire season (24-h forecast). In conjunction with the six components of the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire weather, satellite, statistics, wildfire, numerical weather prediction, fire danger rating, season of fire, air quality, remote sensing, fire management, smoke management
We investigate the influence of wildfire smoke aerosols on cloud microphysics and precipitation using a coupled aerosol-cloud microphysics-meteorology model WRF-Chem-SMOKE. The Wildfire Automated Biomass Burning Algorithm products are used to compute 'online' hourly size- and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: Canada, precipitation, clouds, biomass burning
Ground, airborne and spaceborne data were collected for a 450 ha prescribed fire implemented on 18 October 2011 at the Henry W. Coe State Park in California. The integration of various data elements allowed near-coincident active fire retrievals to be estimated. The Autonomous…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: remote sensing, GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, biomass burning, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, airborne scanner
We report trace-gas emission factors from three pine-understory prescribed fires in South Carolina, US measured during the fall of 2011. The fires were more intense than many prescribed burns because the fuels included mature pine stands not subjected to prescribed fire in…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, South Carolina, smoldering, fourier transform infrared spectroradiometer
Pricing greenhouse gas emissions is a burgeoning and possibly lucrative financial means for climate change mitigation. Emissions pricing is being used to fund emissions-abatement technologies and to modify land management to improve carbon sequestration and retention. Here we…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: agriculture, animals, carbon sequestration, greenhouse gases, invasive species, livestock, planting, regrowth, Australia, C - carbon, stocking, carbon tax, fire regimes, wildfires, air quality, grazing, plant growth, animal species diversity, plants species diversity, wildlife, fire management, forest management, land management
While North American ecosystems vary widely in their ecology and natural historical fire regimes, they are unified in benefitting from prescribed fire when judiciously applied with the goal of maintaining and restoring native ecosystem composition, structure, and function. On a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Canada, fire benefits, ecosystem health, historic fire regimes
On 28 September 2009, the Naches Ranger District on the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest in south-central Washington State ignited an 800-ha prescribed fire. Later that afternoon, elevated PM2.5 concentrations and visible smoke were reported in Yakima, Washington, about 40 km…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire weather, Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, decision support, smoke dispersion, smoke modeling, Washington, BlueSky Modeling Framework, Weather Research and Forecasting model
Existing studies on the economic impact of wildfire smoke have focused on single fire events or entire seasons without considering the marginal effect of daily fire progression on downwind communities. In addition, neither approach allows for an examination of the impact of even…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Safety
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: air quality, wildfires, respiratory illness, distributed lag models, count data models
Temperate peatlands represent a substantial store of carbon and their degradation is a potentially significant positive feedback to climate change. The ignition of peat deposits can cause smouldering wildfires that have the potential to release substantial amounts of carbon and…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire danger, fire intensity, peat fires, carbon emissions, depth of burn, fuel consumption, smoldering fires, FWI - Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System, Scotland