Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 26 - 50 of 160
The emission factors (EFs) for a broad range of semivolatile organic chemicals (SVOCs) from subtropical eucalypt forest and tropical savannah fires were determined for the first time from in situ investigations. Significantly higher (t test, P < 0.01) EFs (mg kg-1 dry fuel,…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, savannas, wildfires, Australia, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, biomass burning emissions, Transform Infrared-Spectroscopy, Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, global distribution, Molecular Tracers, Field-Measurements, Pah Source, Part 1
Feedbacks between climate warming, land surface aridity, and wildfire-derived aerosols represent a large source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. Here, long-term observations of aerosol optical depth, surface level aerosol loading, fire-area burned, and hydrologic…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, climate change, aerosols, aridity, wildfires, aerosol optical depth, trends, Projections, pollution, drought
Seed germination and early seedling establishment are critical stages during a plants life cycle. These stages are precisely regulated by multiple internal factors, including phytohormones and environmental cues such as light. As a family of small molecules discovered in…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: germination, smoke effects, seedling, karrikins, Aba, Ga, Iaa, germination, photomorphogenesis, Box Protein Max2, Shade Avoidance, Arabidopsis thaliana, abscisic acid, Dormancy Alleviation, Hypocotyl Elongation, Auxin Transport, Light Responses, Strigolactone
BACKGROUND: Vegetation fires can release substantial quantities of fine particles (PM2.5), which are harmful to health. The fire smoke may be transported over long distances and can cause adverse health effects over wide areas. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess annual mortality…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, pollution, Europe, wildland fires, air pollution, forest fires, particulate matter, health impacts, Southeast Asia, fine particles, quality
...An estimate of premature deaths attributable to vegetation smoke.
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality
Fire weather forecasts are used by land and wildlife managers to determine when meteorological and fuel conditions are suitable to conduct prescribed burning. In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of ambient PM2.5 to various fire and meteorological variables in a spatial…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: North Carolina, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, sensitivity, source apportionment, FEM - forest ecosystem management, Biomass-Burning Impact, Ground-Level Ozone, trace gases, source apportionment, Principal Component, aerosol, particulate, regression
The mechanism of smoke haze formation over the European part of Russia (EPR) in the summer of 2016 is analyzed using satellite measurements, ground-based observations, reanalysis data, and trajectory modeling. The analysis reveals that smoke in the atmosphere over EPR with the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke aerosols, wildfires, aerosol optical depth, CO - carbon monoxide, long-range transport, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, trajectory analysis, Russia, Siberia
Forest fire is an serious hazard in many places around the world. For such threats, video-based smoke detection would be particularly important for early warning because smoke arises in any forest fire and can be seen from a long distance. This paper presents a novel and robust…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: smoke detection, deep belief networks, color spaces, motion detection, fire occurrence patterns, video monitoring
We have investigated the variability of smoke aerosol absorbing ability with variations in the content of brown carbon (BrC) and black carbon (BC). Using monitoring data on radiative characteristics of smoke aerosol at AERONET stations and the spatial distribution of aerosol…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke aerosols, brown carbon, black carbon, absorption spectra, aerospace monitoring, aerosol radiative forcing, boreal forest, Russia, Canada
Based on online wildfire satellite-monitoring data, distributions of burned-out areas, as well as emission volumes of carbon-containing gases (СО and СО2) and fine aerosols (РМ2.5), for different regions and months in 2005-2016 (across the territory of Russia) and in 2010-2016 (…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior
Region(s): International
Keywords: satellite monitoring, remote sensing, satellite imagery, wildfires, pollutant emissions, atmosphere, Russia, Eurasia, area burned, PM2.5, CO - carbon monoxide, CO2 - carbon dioxide
Objective: A repeated measures study was used to assess the effect of work tasks on select proinflammatory biomarkers in firefighters working at prescribed burns. Methods: Ten firefighters and two volunteers were monitored for particulate matter and carbon monoxide on workdays,…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: firefighter exposure, smoke exposure, interleukin-8
Identifying communities vulnerable to adverse health effects from exposure to wildfire smoke may help prepare responses, increase the resilience to smoke and improve public health outcomes during smoke days. We developed a Community Health-Vulnerability Index (CHVI) based on…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfire, air quality, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, public health, CHVI - Community Health-Vulnerability Index
Mountains are crucial places in which to observe, experience, and learn about rapid weather and climate shifts, felt to varying degrees in different contexts. Fire lookout observers, immersed in the mountain environments of Alberta, Canada, for 5 to 6 months of the year, many of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Alberta, Canada, Rocky Mountains, wildfires, fire lookouts, lookout firefighter, visibility, extreme weather
Ecological Restoration and Management of Longleaf Pine Forests is a timely synthesis of the current understanding of the natural dynamics and processes in longleaf pine ecosystems. This book beautifully illustrates how incorporation of basic ecosystem knowledge and an…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: longleaf pine, Pinus palustris, climate change, regeneration, biodiversity, forest management
Pyroendemics are plants in which seedling germination and successful seedling recruitment are restricted to immediate postfire environments. In many fire-prone ecosystems species cue their germination to immediate postfire conditions. Here we address how species have evolved one…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, International
Keywords: fire-prone, fire-prone ecosystem, germination, pyroendemic plants, Mediterranean climate, South Africa, combustion products
A diversity of partners and interests, federal to private, came together to identify current challenges and research in the wildland fire and air quality impacts realm. Meeting management needs and the opportunity to learn from one another’s expert perspectives were primary…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality impacts, smoke management, emissions inventory, fuel characterization
The purpose of this Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is to set forth the principles of the working relationship between the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) - Division of Air Quality (DAQ) and the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords:
In this study we investigate the use of ΔPM2.5/ΔCO and ΔNOy/ΔCO normalized enhancement ratios (NERs) in identifying wildfire (WF) smoke events in urban areas. Nine urban ambient monitoring sites with adequate CO, PM2.5, and/or NOy measurements were selected for this study. We…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northwest, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfires, NER - normalized enhancement ratio, air quality, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, urban areas, CO - carbon monoxide, NO - nitrogen oxide, emission ratio
We looked at a Siberian biomass burning (BB) event on Spring 2015 that was observed at Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO; 2.8 km a.s.l) and by satellite instruments (MODIS and CALIPSO), and intercepted by the NOAA WP-3D research aircraft during the Shale Oil and Natural Gas Nexus (…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: O3 - ozone, plumes, wildfire, Mt. Bachelor, reactive nitrogen, aerosol, Siberia, biomass burning, air quality
Wildfires emit O3 precursors but there are large variations in emissions, plume heights, and photochemical processing. These factors make it challenging to model O3 production from wildfires using Eulerian models. Here we describe a statistical approach to characterize the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: O3 - ozone, PM - particulate matter, GAM - generalized additive model
Background: The health impacts of wildfire smoke, including fine particles (PM2.5), are not well understood and may differ from those of PM2.5 from other sources due to differences in concentrations and chemical composition. Methods: First, for the entire Western US (561…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, hospital admissions, health impacts, aerosol transport modeling, respiratory disease, wildfires, air pollution
Background
Emergency ambulance dispatches (EAD) are a novel outcome for evaluating the public health impacts of air pollution. We assessed the relationships between ambient particulate matter (PM) from all sources, PM from landscape fire smoke (LFS), and EADs likely to be…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, ambulance, public health, air quality, landscape fire
Feedbacks between climate warming, land surface aridity, and wildfire-derived aerosols represent a large source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. Here, long-term observations of aerosol optical depth, surface level aerosol loading, fire-area burned, and hydrologic…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: aerosol loading, aridity, climate warming, area burned
Aerosols emitted by landscape fires affect many climatic processes. Here, we combined an aerosol–climate model and a coupled climate-carbon model to study the carbon cycle and climate effects caused by fire-emitted aerosols (FEA) forcing at the top of the atmosphere and at the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: aerosols, forcing, carbon cycle, C - carbon
Haze pollution over the past four decades in Southeast Asia is mainly a result of forest and peatland fires in Indonesia. The economic impacts of haze include adverse health effects and disruption to transport and tourism. Previous studies have used a variety of approaches to…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention
Region(s): International
Keywords: WTP - willingness to pay, Singapore, Indonesia, haze, health effects