Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 339
Background: Millions of people can potentially be exposed to smoke from forest fires, making this an important public health problem in many countries. Objective: In this study we aimed to measure the association between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and forest fire…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, season of fire, smoke effects, wildfires, Australia, Victoria, health factors, fire management, American-Heart-Association, European-Resuscitation-Council, fine particulate matter, air pollution, Rate-Variability, Stroke-Foundation, Daily Mortality, bushfire smoke, biomass smoke, time series
From the text...'The smokejumper program has always been very innovative, and this really is because the seven Forest Serice smokejumper bases are involved with the development work.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Weather
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: fire equipment, fire suppression (aerial), wildfires, Montana, US Forest Service, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'The plan was to parachute two military jumpers from a modified B-17, collect data and equipment from the Soviet ice station, and then extract the equipment and men using the Skyhook system...'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Weather
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: fire equipment, fire suppression (aerial), Arctic, Washington, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'In closing, the para-cargo program is a proven cost-efficient, timely, and safe way to provide meals and suplies to firefighters in the field. Whatever firefighters need on the ground to do their job, they will received it through the para-cargo program.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Weather
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: fire suppression (aerial), firefighting personnel, Idaho, fire management, smoke management
From the text: Firefighting, especially smokejumping, is an exercise in outlasting the uncomfortable. I think it has little to do with gender; rather it is each individual's assessment and subsequent reaction to a given situation.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: firefighting personnel, fire suppression (aerial), wildfires, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'A group of valiant men known as the Triple Nickles, the first African-American smokerjumpers, paved the way for so many in the smokejumping cadre...'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire injuries (humans), fire suppression (aerial), firefighting personnel, wildfires, mortality, fire management, smoke management
From the text ... 'Smoke can be transported hundreds of miles downwind by prevailing winds or convective winds generated by fires themselves with concentrations sufficient to make it the most significant source of air pollution over large areas.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, climate change, pollution, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'The Klump Pump is a standard piece of equipment, outfitted with pump, hose, fittings, and foam. The idea was that it could be easily delivered to an incident and transported individually, by two- or three-unit trailers...'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire equipment, fire suppression (aerial), wildfires, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'The mission was the same back then as it is today. The methods, tools, and rules for accomplishing that mission, however, were different back then than those of today.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Weather
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire equipment, fire suppression (aerial), firefighting personnel, wildfires, New Mexico, education, national forests, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'In the Forest Service, we developed the Missoula, MT, junior smokejumper program to educate children about fire ecology, fire management, and smokejumping in an exciting and interactive learning environment.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Prevention, Outreach
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: firefighting personnel, wildfires, Montana, education, public information, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'Smokejumpers come from all over the country and represent a very diverse and well-educated workforce.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire suppression (aerial), firefighting personnel, wildfires, education, fire management, smoke management
From the text ... 'One of the smokejumper program's defining characteristics is its commitment to innovation--a constant refinement of equipment and techniques that hearkens back to the program's earliest days.'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aviation, Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Prevention
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire equipment, fire suppression (aerial), wildfires, fire management, smoke management
From the text...'Fireline explosives are linear explosives that enable crews to construct fireline under certain conditions much faster and with less environmental impact than conventional methods...'
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: Montana, explosives, partial cutting, thinning, fire management, forest management, soil management, smoke management
Persistent high pressure conditions over the European part of Russia during summer 2010 were responsible for an extended period of hot and dry weather, creating favourable conditions for severe wildfires. The chemical transport model SILAM is used to simulate the dispersion of…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, wildfires, Europe, Russia, aerosols, fire management, forest management, smoke management, SILAM, MACC Reanalysis, HARMONIE, wildfire, Aerosol Direct Radiative Effect
A total number of 20,212 fire hot spots were recorded by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument over Greece during the period 2002-2013. The Fire Radiative Power (FRP) of these events ranged from 10 up to 6000 MW at 1 km resolution, and…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, particulates, remote sensing, Europe, Greece, fire management, smoke management, fire smoke, injection height, Smoke Dispersion Modeling, Firehub
Current fire emission inventories apply universal emission factors (EFs) for the calculation of NOx emissions over large biomes such as boreal forest. However, recent satellite-based studies over tropical and subtropical regions have indicated spatio-temporal variations in EFs…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, Asia, Europe, Canada, radiation, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, smoke management, boreal forests, satellite measurements, Tropospheric No2, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, NOx emission factor
This study investigates the sources of fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter £2.5 µm; PM2.5) composition for the Baltimore, Maryland, metropolitan area, covering a 6-year period (2008-2013). Data obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Quality…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: biomass burning, season of fire, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, Maryland, fire management, smoke management, urban habitats
Size-resolved aerosol composition measurements were conducted at a coastal site in central California during the Nucleation in California Experiment (NiCE) between July and August of 2013. The site is just east of ship and marine emission sources and is also influenced by…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, aerosols, K - potassium, soils, fire management, smoke management, Moudi, biomass burning, Marine, aerosol, composition, soil, Cloud Water
Understanding of fire behaviour, especially fire spread, is mostly based on local-scale observations but the same equations are applied in global models on a much coarser scale. Most model formulations include the effect of wind speed with a positive influence on fire spread.…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: rate of spread, wildfires, cover, humidity, precipitation, temperature, wind, fire management, fire spread, generalised additive models, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database
Atmospheric composition is strongly influenced by wildfire emissions, which have a strong variability over time and space. Estimates of fire emissions on large scale are based on a combination of burned area, combustion completeness, and fuel load. Approaches differ in the…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, combustion, fuel loading, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, carbon dioxide, fertilization, grasses, shrubs, fire management, forest management, smoke management, boreal forests, savannas, temperate forests, tropical forests, biomass burning, fuel load
We have demonstrated the use of an advanced Gaussian-Process (GP) emulator to estimate wildland fire emissions over a wide range of fuel and atmospheric conditions. The Fire Emission Production Simulator, or FEPS, is used to produce an initial set of emissions data that…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire danger rating, fuel loading, wildfires, fire management, smoke management, fire emission, statistical emulator, simulator, FEPS, emission prediction, Gaussian processes
The genus Conostylis (Haemodoraceae) is endemic to fire-prone south-western Australia. To gain an understanding of the effect of some fire-related germination cues, eight Conostylis taxa were tested in response to water, nitrate, smoke water and karrikinolide (KAR1) under light…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, seed dormancy, seed germination, Conostylis, cone flowers, western Australia, Australia, fire management, smoke management, Conostylis, germination, glyceronitrile, Haemodoraceae, karrikinolide, seed dormancy, smoke water
Firefighters responding to wildland fires where surface litter and vegetation contain radiological contamination will receive a radiological dose by inhaling resuspended radioactive material in the smoke. This may increase their lifetime risk of contracting certain types of…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire injuries (humans), fire suppression, firefighting personnel, smoke effects, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, diseases, duff, health factors, litter, radiation, woody plants, South Carolina, fire management, smoke management, atmospheric dispersion, radioactive dose, radioecology, firefighters
The paper discusses the main uncertainties of wild-land fire emission estimates used in the AQMEII-II case study. The wild-land fire emission of particulate matter for the summer fire season of 2010 in Eurasia was generated by the Integrated System for wild-land Fires (IS4FIRES…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, particulates, radiation, remote sensing, Europe, fire management, smoke management, fire emission uncertainty, IS4FIRES, FRP - Fire Radiative Power
Fully-coupled air-quality models running in 'feedback' and 'no-feedback' configurations were compared against each other and observation network data as part of Phase 2 of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative. In the 'no-feedback' mode, interactions between…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, aerosols, air quality, pollution, Europe, smoke management, feedbacks, air pollution modelling, weather prediction, direct effect, indirect effect, coupled modelling systems, forecasting