Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 126 - 150 of 707
The increasing prevalence and severity of wildfire events around the world have emphasized the importance of wildfire resiliency in indoor environmental design. This study focuses on developing wildfire-resilient mechanical ventilation systems and ventilation strategies for…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, ventilation, urban safety, indoor air quality, indoor air filtration, PM2.5, Canada
This Perspective highlights the lingering consequences of nuclear disasters by examining the risks posed by wildfires that rerelease radioactive fallout originally deposited into the environment by accidents at nuclear power plants or testing of nuclear weapons. Such wildfires…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, climate change, fuel management, hazardous smoke, nuclear disasters, wildfires, radioactive contamination, health impacts
Combining multiple sources of information on atmospheric composition, wildland fire emissions, and fire area burned, we link decadal air quality trends in Western US urban centers with wildland fire activity during the months of August and September for the years 2000–2019. We…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, AOD - aerosol optical depth, postwildfire, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, air quality, burned area, urban areas, respiratory health, generalized additive modeling
Wildfire activity in the western United States (US) has been increasing, a trend that has been correlated with changing patterns of temperature and precipitation associated with climate change. Health effects associated with exposure to wildfire smoke and fine particulate matter…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, climate change, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, wildfire, human health, emergency department visits, hospital visit, mortality, morbidity, black carbon, organic carbon
Air quality impacts from wildfires have been dramatic in recent years, with millions of people exposed to elevated and sometimes hazardous fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations for extended periods. Fires emit particulate matter (PM) and gaseous compounds that can…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: air quality, human health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, health effects, respiratory health, cardiovascular health, wildfire, AQI - Air Quality Index, remote sensing, emission factors
Prescribed burning (PB) is a prominent source of PM2.5 in the southeastern US and exposure to PB smoke is a health risk. As demand for burning increases and stricter controls are implemented for other anthropogenic sources, PB emissions tend to be responsible for an increasing…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air quality, Southwestern Georgia, sensors, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, human health
Smoke impacts from large wildfires are mounting, and the projection is for more such events in the future as the one experienced October 2017 in Northern California, and subsequently in 2018 and 2020. Further, the evidence is growing about the health impacts from these events…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: health impacts, WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ model, GOES-16, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, wildfires, air quality, remote sensing, human health
Climate change and human activities have drastically altered the natural wildfire balance in the Western US and increased population health risks due to exposure to pollutants from fire smoke. Using dynamically downscaled climate model projections, we estimated additional asthma…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: asthma, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, wildfire, healthcare, health impacts, CAM4 - Community Atmosphere Model v4
The health effects of the unprecedented bushfires in Australia in 2019–20 have not been fully examined. We aimed to examine the excess emergency department (ED) visits related to the 2019–20 bushfires in New South Wales (NSW). We obtained weekly data of ED visits for…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, bushfire, wildfire, cardiovascular disease, emergency department visits, respiratory disease, 2019/2020 Australian wildfires
The increasing incidence of extreme wildfire is becoming a concern for public health. Although long-term exposure to wildfire smoke is associated with respiratory illnesses, reports on the association between short-term occupational exposure to wildfire smoke and lung function…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air pollution, air quality, lung function, occupational exposure, wildfires, public health, Fort McMurray Fire, Canada
Air quality impact of slash pile burns: simulated geo-spatial impact assessment for Washington State
In the Western U.S., the prescribed burning of woody biomass in forests, mainly harvest slash, is the prevailing practice for in-woods fuel reduction and wildfire mitigation. Though these prescribed burns play an essential role in mitigating the wildfire risks, the resultant…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: harvest residue, waste biomass, wildfires, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, respiratory health, air quality, Washington, slash burn, air pollution
Background
Global climate change has led to an increase in the prevalence and severity of wildfires. Pollutants released into air, soil and groundwater from wildfires may impact embryo development leading to gastroschisis.
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: environmental exposure, smoke exposure, wildfire, gastroschisis, pregnancy, wildfire exposure
Wildfire emissions affect downwind air quality and human health. Predictions of these impacts using models are limited by uncertainties in emissions and chemical evolution of smoke plumes. Using high-time-resolution aircraft measurements, we illustrate spatial variations that…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfire, chemistry, plume, hydroxyl radical, fire plume evolution, air quality, O3 - ozone
Familiarity with the use of face coverings to reduce the risk of respiratory disease has increased during the coronavirus pandemic; however, recommendations for their use outside of the pandemic remains limited. Here, we develop a modeling framework to quantify the potential…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: respiratory disease, N95 respirator, wildfire, air pollution, human health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, face covering
Wildfire smoke exposure is associated with a range of acute health outcomes, which can be more severe in individuals with underlying health conditions. Currently, there is limited information on the susceptibility of healthcare facilities to smoke infiltration. As part of a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, indoor air quality, wildfire, infiltration, low-cost air quality sensors, healthcare, healthcare facility, British Columbia, Canada, Vancouver
Background
Understanding the health effects of smoke from landscape fires (LFs), including wildfires and prescribed burns, is limited due to lack of adequate smoke exposure measures.
Methods
We used the reported LFs to determine smoke plume shapes from satellite images. Daily…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: health effects, wildfire, landscape fire, smoke exposure, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, cardiovascular disease, EMS - Emergency Medical Services, aerosols, ambulance, dose-response models, hospitalizations, li-fraumeni syndrome, health outcomes, optics
The western United States experienced a record-breaking wildfire season in 2020. This study quantifies the contribution of wildfire emissions to the exceedances of health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for fine particles (PM2.5) by comparing two CMAQ…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: 2020 fire season, biomass burning, aerosol, air quality, exceedance, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, human health
The Australian 2019/2020 bushfires were unprecedented in their extent and intensity, causing a catastrophic loss of habitat, human and animal life across eastern-Australia. We use a regional air quality model to assess the impact of the bushfires on particulate matter with a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, public health, megafires, 2019/2020 Australian wildfires, Australia, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, bushfire, health impacts, smoke exposure
Objective(s)
This study explored the feasibility, acceptability, preliminary impact, and functionality of two risk reduction mobile application (app) interventions on asthma outcomes as compared to a control arm during wildfire season.
Design
Three-arm, 8-week randomized…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: asthma, wildfire, risk reduction, mobile applications, Smoke Sense Urbanova, public health, at-risk populations
Fire detection and alarm system is fully concerned for safety. And convolutional neural network (CNN) has been introduced into fire/smoke detection based on video/image understanding. However, the samples of the existed public fire/smoke data sets are not enough to train very…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire detection, smoke detection, deep learning, YOLOv3, network pruning, OHEM - online hard example mining, CNN - convolution neural network
Fire is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal about the science, policy, and technology of fires and how they interact with communities and the environment, broadly defined, published quarterly online by MDPI. Fire serves as an international forum for diverse…
Person:
Year:
Type: Website
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords:
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the potential for co-occurring wildfires pose health threats to people around the globe. Along with the direct impacts of wildfires, exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)-pollution composed of small inhalable particles with diameters of 2…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: COVID-19, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, public health
This report presents key findings, conclusions, and recommendations from a longitudinal research study on wildfire preparedness and evacuation planning in a pandemic (CONVERGE 2020).
The research aim was to understand the social, ecological, and public health dimensions of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Planning, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): California, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: wildfire, preparedness, evacuation, COVID-19, pandemics, risk perception
As anthropogenic emissions continue to decline and emissions from landscape (wild, prescribed, and agricultural) fires increase across the coming century, the relative importance of landscape-fire smoke on air quality and health in the United States (US) will increase. Landscape…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, air quality, air pollution, wildfire, health impact assessment, human health, hazardous air pollutants, asthma, hospital admissions
Living With Fire hosted a workshop on wildfire smoke and its potential health impacts. Featuring guests Chris Smallcomb, National Weather Service – Reno office meteorologist and public information officer, who discussed smoke forecasting and models utilized to predict smoke. And…
Person: Smallcomb, Schnieder
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, health impacts, smoke forecast, wildfires, atmospheric stability, HRRR-Smoke, AQI - Air Quality Index, public health, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, O3 - ozone