Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 101 - 125 of 235
THE FIRE AND SMOKE MODEL EVALUATION EXPERIMENT (FASMEE) is a multi-agency effort to provide advanced measurements necessary to evaluate and advance operationally-used fire and smoke modeling systems and their underlying scientific models. The field campaign will be conducted on…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FASMEE - Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment
Widespread and persistent summer multi-day episodes of dense wildfire smoke affected western Canada in 2017 and 2018. These events often occurred under otherwise clear-sky, anticyclonic weather conditions and can have significant impacts on surface temperatures, air quality, and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: British Columbia, Canada, atmospheric stability, mountain meteorological effects, convection, boundary layer, wildfires
With increasing heat and droughts world-wide, wildfires are becoming a more serious global threat to the world’s population. Wildfire smoke is composed of approximately 80% to 90% of fine (<2.5 um) and ultrafine (<1 um) particulate matter (PM) which are also common to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, public health
Wildfires strongly regulate carbon (C) cycling and storage in boreal forests and account for almost 10% of global fire C emissions. However, the anticipated effects of climate change on fire regimes may destabilize current C-climate feedbacks and switch the systems to new…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire disturbance, fire severity, soil respiration, CH4 - methane, N2O - nitrous oxide, permafrost, boreal forests, greenhouse gases
As the application of citizen science expands to address increasingly complex social problems (e.g., community health), there is opportunity to consider higher-order engagement beyond that of individual members of a community. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Emissions and Smoke, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public involvement, system change, wildfires, organization, citizen science, Smoke Sense, data collection, community groups
Emitted smoke composition is determined by properties of the biomass burning source and ambient ecosystem. However, conditions that mediate the partitioning of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) formation, as well as the spatial and temporal factors that drive particle…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: remote sensing, biomass burning, smoke plumes, MISR - Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer, aerosol particles, aerosols, BBOP - Biomass Burning Observation Project, wildfire, multispectral imagery, multiangle data
Increasing development of exo-urban environments and the spread of urbanization into forested areas is making humans and forest ecosystems more susceptible to the risks associated with wildfires. Larger and more damaging wildfires are having a negative impact on forest ecosystem…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: aerosols, air quality, atmosphere, remote sensing, urbanization, wildfires, public health, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite
Fire emissions are a significant mechanism in the carbon cycling from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere, and fire behavior is considerably interacted with weather and climate. However, due to interannual variation of the emissions and nonlinear smoke plume dynamics,…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Asia, climatology
By conservation of mass, the mass of wildland fuel that is pyrolyzed and combusted must equal the mass of smoke emissions, residual char and ash. For a given set of conditions, these amounts are fixed. This places a constraint on smoke emissions data which violates key…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: compositional analysis, biomass burning, balance equations, linear trend, ilr coordinates
A widespread forest fire episode occurred over Uttarakhand during April 24–May 2, 2016. This event released large amount of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and aerosols in the pristine environment of Uttarakhand. AIRS observations showed 60–125 ppbv higher CO during…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: India, forest fire, CO - carbon monoxide, aerosol, NO2 - nitrogen dioxide, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, CALIPSO, AOD - aerosol optical depth
Increases in large wildfire frequency and intensity and a longer fire season in the western United States are resulting in a significant increase in air pollution, including concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter <2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) that pose significant…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, evaluation, wildfires, smoke monitoring
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and forest or biomass burning. PAHs undergo long-range atmospheric transport, as evidenced by in situ observations across the Arctic. However, monitored atmospheric concentrations of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, BaP - benzo(a)pyrene, biomass burning, source apportionment, boreal forest, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Russia, Arctic
Field and laboratory emission factors (EFs) of wildland fire emissions for 276 known air pollutants sampled across Canada and the US were compiled. An online database, the Smoke Emissions Repository Application (SERA), was created to enable analysis and summaries of existing EFs…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, PM - particulate matter, smoke management, Canada, wildfire emissions
Wildfire smoke (WFS) increases the risk of respiratory hospitalizations. We evaluated the association between WFS and asthma healthcare utilization (AHCU) during the 2013 wildfire season in Oregon. WFS particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) was estimated using a blended…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, asthma, public health, air quality, emergency departments attendances
This webinar will provide an introduction to the fundamental concepts and tools for understanding the who, what, why and how for managing prescribed fire smoke in the Southeast. Speakers from regional air quality regulation programs will discuss topics including: smoke…
Person: Davis, Gillam, Lesane, Boylan, Strait, Fawcett
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, smoke management, fire management, PM - particulate matter, air pollutants, PM2.5, health effects, O3 - ozone, CO - carbon monoxide, AQI - Air Quality Index, BSMP - Basic Smoke Management Practices
It is not clear which mechanisms are responsible for changing soil biological activity following a fire. To address this knowledge gap, we measured such parameters of soil biological activity as flux rates of CH4, and CO2 and identified key environmental parameters that can…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Russia, boreal forest, mixed-effects modeling, forest fire, basal soil respiration, microbial biomass, soil biological activity, soil properties
The Paris Agreement calls on parties to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change by engaging in appropriate policies and measures as put forward through Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), to strengthen transparency when reporting their greenhouse gas (GHG)…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, peat, biomass burning, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer), greenhouse gas emissions, burned area
Acetylene is a short‐lived trace gas produced during combustion of fossil fuels, biomass, and biofuels. Biomass burning is likely the only major source of acetylene in the preindustrial atmosphere, making ice core acetylene a powerful tool for reconstructing paleofire emissions…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: ice cores, biomass burning, Little Ice Age, acetylene, Medieval Period, Common Era, paleofire, Greenland, Antarctica
There are few observational studies measuring the ecosystem‐scale productivity effects of changes in incident diffuse photosynthetically active radiation (PARdiffuse), especially related to wildfire smoke. Climate change‐induced increases to the duration and intensity of fire…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, carbon flux, aerosols, light use efficiency, ecosystem productivity, PAR - photosynthetically active radiation
[from the text] Australia is burning. Both New South Wales and Queensland have declared a state of emergency after seeing new record high in property losses during this fire season. Recently, “fires near me” has become Google's most searched words in Australia, with perhaps…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, climate change, bushfire, public health, PM - particulate matter
Wildfires, especially those of large size, worsen air quality and alter the carbon cycle through combustion of large quantities of biomass and release of carbon into the atmosphere. The Black Dragon fire, which occurred in 1987 in the boreal forests of China is among the top…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Mapping
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, boreal forest, megafires, fire severity, burn severity, remote sensing, combustion efficiency, Black Dragon fire
Wildfires can be responsible for significant mercury (Hg) emissions especially in contaminated areas. Here, we investigated the Hg distribution in topsoils and vegetation samples and temperature-dependent Hg mobilization from biomass-rich topsoils collected near a copper (Cu)…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Namibia, Hg - mercury, topsoil, vegetation, wildfire, pollution, smelter, dust, residues
An understanding of fire behaviour and its impacts on natural ecosystems is essential for developing management strategies, specifically for planning prescribed fires. It is well known that vegetation and microclimate factors are important predictors of fire behaviour. However,…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: Brazil, C - carbon, management, microclimate, fire spread, fire intensity
Fire Radiative Power (FRP) is related to fire combustion rates and is used to quantify the atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols. FRP over gas flares and wildfires can be retrieved remotely using satellites that observe in shortwave infrared (SWIR) to middle…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, Landsat, FRP - Fire Radiative Power, gas flare, Saudi Arabia
Models of atmospheric composition rely on fire emissions inventories to reconstruct and project impacts of biomass burning on air quality, public health, climate, ecosystem dynamics, and land-atmosphere exchanges. Many such global inventories use satellite measurements of active…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Indonesia, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, burned area, active fires, Google Earth, PM2.5