Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 176 - 200 of 619
An intensified pattern of wildfire is emerging in Alaska as rapidly increasing temperatures and longer growing seasons alter the state's environment. Both tundra and Boreal forest regions are seeing larger and more frequent fires. The impacts of these fires are felt across the…
Person: Grabinski
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: climate change, wildfire management, annual area burned, seasonal fires, human-caused fires, lightning, duff, mean annual temperature, MAP - mean annual precipitation, fire season length, fire return interval, wildfire preparedness
Brazil has recently (2014) changed from a zero-fire policy to an Integrated Fire Management (IFM) program with the active use of prescribed burning (PB) in federal Protected Areas (PA) and Indigenous Territories (IT) of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado). PB is commonly applied in…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire management, fire policy, remote sensing, burned area, scar size, savannas, Brazil, fire size
Background: One of the scientific challenges of understanding climate change has been determining the important drivers and metrics of global carbon (C) emissions and C cycling in tropical, subtropical, boreal, subarctic, and temperate peatlands. Peatlands account for 3% of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: carbon emissions, dNBR - differenced (or delta) Normalized Burn Ratio, ground fires, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, peatland, temperate, wildfires, Pains Bay Fire, North Carolina, carbon cycling
The November 2018 Camp Fire, a devastating wildfire in Northern California, occurred during the peak of breeding season for field monkeys at the California National Primate Research Center (CNPRC). Effects of environmental stressors, such as wildfires, on birth outcomes in…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: Camp Fire, wildfires, air quality, primate, particulate, phthalates, miscarriage, rhesus macaque monkey, Macaca mulatta, pregnancy outcomes
As anthropogenic emissions continue to decline and emissions from landscape (wild, prescribed, and agricultural) fires increase across the coming century, the relative importance of landscape-fire smoke on air quality and health in the United States (US) will increase. Landscape…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, air quality, air pollution, wildfire, health impact assessment, human health, hazardous air pollutants, asthma, hospital admissions
The impacts of wildfires on the health of children are becoming a more urgent matter as wildfires become more frequent, intense and affecting, not only forested areas, but also urban locations. It is important that medical professionals be prepared to provide information to…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: children, health impacts, public health
Living With Fire hosted a workshop on wildfire smoke and its potential health impacts. Featuring guests Chris Smallcomb, National Weather Service – Reno office meteorologist and public information officer, who discussed smoke forecasting and models utilized to predict smoke. And…
Person: Smallcomb, Schnieder
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, health impacts, smoke forecast, wildfires, atmospheric stability, HRRR-Smoke, AQI - Air Quality Index, public health, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, O3 - ozone
While prescribed fire is an essential land management tool in the Southeast, its impacts on air quality and public health remain uncertain. This webinar will cover a recent project that used burn permit records, air quality modelling, and epidemiological associations between…
Person: Afrin, Garcia Menendez
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, public health, epidemiology, health impacts, vulnerable populations, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, social vulnerability
The California landscape is layered and multifunctional, both historically and spatially. Currently, wildfire size, frequency, and intensity are without precedent, at great cost to human health, property, and lives. We review the contemporary firescape, the indigenous landscape…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfire, vegetation management, Sierra Nevada, prescribed grazing, goats, Indigenous land management, Mediterranean climate, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, climate change, risk reduction, fire hazard reduction, fuel management
The Northern Front Range of Colorado regularly exceeds the ozone (O3) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). This region is unique because it is impacted by emissions from urban activities (i.e., traffic and light industry) as well as from oil and natural gas production…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Colorado, O3 - ozone, Boulder Reservoir, Colorado Front Range, metropolitan area, NOx, VOC - volatile organic compounds, AQI - Air Quality Index, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, wildfire
Assessment of exposure and mortality attributable to air pollution is one of the most important tasks to inform strategies for mitigation and prevention of the negative effects of degraded air quality. While the vast majority of studies rely on either satellite data or sparse (…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, air pollution, mortality, human health, citizen science, exposure, low-cost air quality sensors
Numerous studies have linked outdoor levels of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, SO2, and other air pollutants to significantly higher rates of Covid 19 morbidity and mortality, although the rate in which specific concentrations of pollutants increase Covid 19 morbidity and mortality varies…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air pollution, NO2 - nitrogen dioxide, air quality, COVID-19, human health, morbidity, mortality
POLLUTED air caused by smoke from record-breaking wildfires in the US last year has been linked to a rise in covid-19 cases and deaths.
Francesca Dominici at Harvard University and her colleagues say 19,742 recorded covid-19 cases and 748 covid-related deaths can be linked to…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: COVID-19, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, human health, air quality
Wildfires are increasing in frequency, size, and intensity, and increasingly affect highly populated areas. Wildfire smoke impacts cardiorespiratory health; children are at increased risk due to smaller airways, a higher metabolic rate and ongoing development. The objective of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: public health, respiratory disease, pediatric, wildfires, Australia, Canada, Spain
Fuel loading and fuel consumption were measured on four prescribed burns with a natural fuel component. These sites were in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon. Emissions were characterized on three of these sites.
The fuel consumption was typical of a moderately wet…
Person:
Year: 1996
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fuel loading, fuel consumption, Blue Mountains, northeastern Oregon, emission factors, CH4 - methane, CO - carbon monoxide, PM2.5, CONSUME, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, underburn, spring burn, NHMC - non-methane hydrocarbons
During the summer 2017 ASCENDS/ABoVE airborne science campaign, the NASA Goddard CO2 Sounder lidar overflew smoke plumes from wildfires in the British Columbia, Canada. In the flight path over Vancouver Island on 8 August 2017, the column XCO2 retrievals from the lidar…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, British Columbia, Canada, 2017 fire season, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, remote sensing, wildfires, carbon fluxes
The health impacts of wildfire smoke are an important and growing global issue, as extreme wildfire events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity throughout this century due to climate climate. Research into individual protective health decision-making can elucidate…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety, Social Science
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, threat perceptions, coping self-efficacy, social norms, social support, protective behavior, psychology
Wildfires can be divided in two types, flaming or smouldering, depending on the dominant combustion processes. Both types are present in most wildfires, and despite being fundamentally different in chemical and physical terms, one transitions to the other. Traditionally, science…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: peat fire, peat, climate change, smouldering, smoldering, firebrand, pollution, air pollution, Arctic
Wildfire smoke is likely to have direct health effects on birds as well as influence movement, vocalization, and other avian behaviors. These behavioral changes may affect if and how birds are observed in the wild, although research on the effects of wildfire smoke on bird…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: birds, detection, avian behavior, wildfires, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Washington, AIC - Akaike's information criterion
The evolutionary role of fire in animals has been poorly explored. Reptiles use sensory cues, such as smell (chemoreception), to detect threats and flee. In Mediterranean ecosystems, fire is a threat faced by reptiles. We hypothesized that the Mediterranean lizard Psammodromus…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): International
Keywords: Mediterranean ecosystem, lizards, Psammodromus algirus, fire-prone ecosystem, fire regime change
Objectives
The Fort McMurray fire in Alberta, Canada, devastated the townsite in May 2016. First responders were heavily exposed to smoke particles. Blood samples taken from firefighters in May and August/September 2016 were used to measure concentrations of inflammatory markers…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: cytokines, firefighter, lung inflammation, inflammatory markers, lung function, respiratory health, Fort McMurray Fire, Canada, PM2.5
[from the text]
Poor air quality from the wildfires near Portland, OR, posed unusual challenges within area hospitals—including the compounding operation at Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center in Tualatin.
Director of Pharmacy Services Doug Meyer said the hospital’s air-handling…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Oregon, wildfires, hospitalizations, air quality
PM2.5 is the most monitored air pollutant for which EPA has set national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). As such, it is the pollutant on which the Air Quality Index (AQI) is most often based. PM2.5 and PM10 are the only criteria pollutant whose composition, and therefore…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: woodsmoke, toxicity, hazardous air pollutants, positive matrix factorization, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards, AQI - Air Quality Index, Washington
Wildfire smoke is a growing public health concern in the United States. Numerous studies have documented associations between ambient smoke exposure and severe patient outcomes for single fire seasons or limited geographic regions. However, there are few national‐scale health…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, public health, critical care, ICU - intensive care unit, hospitalization
In September 2020, extremely strong wildfires in the western United States of America (i.e., mainly in California) produced large amounts of smoke, which was lifted into the free troposphere. These biomass‐burning‐aerosol (BBA) layers were transported from the US west coast…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, International
Keywords: wildfires, biomass burning, aerosol, LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging, remote sensing, Aeolus