Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 201 - 218 of 218
Carbon-based forest conservation requires the establishment of 'reference emission levels' against which to measure a country or region's progress in reducing their carbon emissions. In East Africa, landscape-scale estimates of carbon fluxes are uncertain and factors such as…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire regimes, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, precipitation, Burundi, Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Africa, fire management, land use, range management, savannas, earth observation products, carbon stocks, carbon trends, fire regimes, MODIS, look-up table, savannah
Because it is an important regulator of terrestrial carbon cycling in North America, extensive research on natural and human disturbances has been carried out as part of the North American Carbon Program and the CarboNA project. A synthesis of various components of this research…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire size, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, elevation, disturbance, insects, mineral soils, nutrient cycling, photosynthesis, plant diseases, soil temperature, soils, woody plants, Canada, fire management, forest management
Four hundred fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples collected over a 1-year period at two sites in the Los Angeles Basin were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and organic molecular markers. The results were used in a…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, particulates, fire management, smoke management, CMB, LA basin, organic molecular markers, PMF, UNMIX
We describe the fourth generation of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4) burned area data set, which provides global monthly burned area at 0.25º spatial resolution from mid-1995 through the present and daily burned area for the time series extending back to August 2000.…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, computer programs, precipitation, statistical analysis, fire management
Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of carbonaceous aerosols in the atmosphere, significantly affecting earth's radiation budget and climate. Tar balls, abundant in biomass burning smoke, absorb sunlight and have highly variable optical properties, typically not…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: biomass burning, fire case histories, wildfires, aerosols, C - carbon, particulates, soot, New Mexico, fire management
Here we present the chemical characterization of the water-soluble organic carbon fraction of atmospheric aerosol collected during a prescribed fire burn in relation to soil organic matter and biomass combustion. Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we observed that…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Great Basin
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, C - carbon, dust, particulates, soil organic matter, soil temperature, Artemisia, sagebrush, Juniperus osteosperma, Utah juniper, Pinus monophylla, single-leaf pinyon pine, Nevada, fire management, forest management, soil management, coniferous forests, biomass burning, mineral dust, wildfires, organic carbon, nuclear magnetic resonance, aerosol
Aerial- and ground-sampled emissions from three prescribed forest burns in the southeastern U.S. were compared to emissions from laboratory open burn tests using biomass from the same locations. A comprehensive array of emissions, including PM, black carbon (BC), brown carbon (…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: field experimental fires, laboratory fires, aerosols, air quality, biomass, C - carbon, light, Florida, North Carolina, fire management, forest management, smoke management
A forest carbon (C) offset is a quantifiable unit of C that is commonly developed at the local or regional project scale and is designed to counterbalance anthropogenic C emissions by sequestering C in trees. In cap-and-trade programs, forest offsets have market value if the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, fire size, post fire recovery, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, climate change, greenhouse gases, logging, thinning, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, hardwood forests
Greater needle packing (number of needles per unit stem length) among shoots of Picea engelmanii(Parry ex. Engelm.), Abies lasiocarpa ([Hook] Nutt.), and Pinus contorta (Engelm.) collected at sun-exposed locations resulted in leaf temperatures (T1) that were well above air…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Abies spp., Abies lasiocarpa, air temperature, C - carbon, carbon dioxide, coniferous forests, conifers, forest management, leaves, needles, photosynthesis, Picea, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta, plant growth, temperature, Wyoming
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are important components of ambient and indoor air pollution and are emitted from a range of combustion sources, including on-road mobile sources, electric power generators, and non-road mobile sources. While anthropogenic sources dominate, NOx is also…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Climate
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, carbon dioxide, climate change, health factors, humidity, N - nitrogen, ozone, pollen, pollution, precipitation, radiation, temperature, fire management, smoke management, nitrogen oxides, ozone, air pollution, human health
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Southern, International
Keywords: air quality, Appalachian Mountains, bibliographies, Blue Ridge Mountains, competition, European settlement, fire adaptations (plants), fire exclusion, fire hazard reduction, fire intensity, fire management, fire regimes, Georgia, grazing, hardwoods, histories, human caused fires, lightning caused fires, logging, mountains, Native Americans, N - nitrogen, North Carolina, pine forests, Pinus palustris, Pinus pungens, plant growth, Quercus, regeneration, season of fire, sedimentation, seedlings, site treatments, smoke management, soil nutrients, soils, South Carolina, Virginia, water quality, West Virginia
Wildfires generate substantial emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As such, wildfires contribute to elevated ozone (O3) in the atmosphere. However, there is a large amount of variability in the emissions of O3 precursors and the amount of O3…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: wildfires, ozone, exceptional event, VOC - volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, MDA8 - maximum daily 8-hour average, statistical analysis, PAN - peroxyacetyl nitrate, PM2.5, fire models, air quality, N - nitrogen, particulates, fire management, forest management, smoke management, Idaho, Nevada, Utah
[Annotation copied from Lynham et al. 2002(https://www.frames.gov/rcs/18000/18093.html)] Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) is an economically important Canadian tree species and its autecology is inextricably linked to fire. It would disappear as a natural component of the boreal…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, fire intensity, jack pine, Pinus banksiana, regeneration, ecosystem dynamics, eastern Canada, Canada, carbon dioxide, decay, diameter classes, disturbance, ecosystem dynamics, experimental fire, fire dependent species, fire frequency, litter, magnesium, mineral soil, mortality, N - nitrogen, nutrient cycling, Ontario, organic matter, overstory, pine forests, Pinus, plant growth, post-fire recovery, K - potassium, precipitation, seedlings, site treatments, soils, statistical analysis, understory vegetation, wildfires
Fire links the biosphere and the atmosphere. The linkage is, as yet, poorly quantified. Evidence suggests that a few percent of total C fixed by photosynthesis is oxidized by burning. Biomass burning seems to be globally significant in terms of associated: • Releases of trace…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, Asia, bibliographies, biogeochemical cycles, biogeography, Brazil, C - carbon, char, charcoal, chemistry, community ecology, decay, distribution, ecosystem dynamics, evolution, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire regimes, fire size, forest types, fossils, fuel types, gases, geography, habitat types, heat, heat effects, human caused fires, landscape ecology, Mexico, microclimate, minerals, paleoecology, paleontology, post fire recovery, prehistoric fires, remote sensing, reproduction, sedimentation, smoke effects, South America, species diversity (animals), species diversity (plants), statistical analysis, telemetry, tropical forests, water, wildfires
The relative contributions of double counting of carbon emissions between forest-to-nonforest cover change (FNCC) and forest wildfires are an unknown in estimating net forest carbon exchanges at large scales. This study employed land-cover change maps and forest fire data in the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Eastern, Northwest, Southern
Keywords: burn severity, carbon emissions, land cover change, carbon double counting, fire intensity, fire size, wildfires, C - carbon, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, smoke management
We used a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image from the 2011 Wallow fire in Arizona, USA, in combination with field data to assess different methods for determining fire severity. These include the normalised burn ratio (NBR), the differenced NBR (dNBR), the relative dNBR (RdNBR)…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire severity, NBR - Normalized Burn Ratio, Arizona, carbon cycle, Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper), spectral analysis, burning efficiency, Wallow Fire, fire case histories, fire intensity, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, duff, litter, remote sensing, shrubs, size classes, statistical analysis, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, fire management, forest management, soil management, coniferous forests
Accurate estimation of the canopy fuel load that is consumed during crown fires is critical for improving our knowledge of crown fire behaviour and for quantifying emissions of carbon and other gases during this type of fire. However, there is a lack of information about the…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: active crown fire, canopy fuel load, carbon emissions, Spain, maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, vertical canopy profile, crown fires, fine fuels, fuel loading, air quality, C - carbon, overstory, Pinus pinaster, maritime pine, Europe, fire management, forest management
We determined the difference in carbon (C) stocks and C emissions between treated and untreated ponderosa pine stands over 100 years on the Apache and Sitgreaves National Forests, Arizona, USA, under assumed treatment scenarios, wildfire frequency, and annual percentage of area…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire frequency, fuel reduction treatments, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, area burned, Arizona, carbon stock, wood products, reversal risk ratings, carbon credit, fire hazard reduction, fire regimes, C - carbon, national forests, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Arizona, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests