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Using wildland fire smoke modeling data in gerontological health research (California, 2007-2018)

Widespread population exposure to wildland fire smoke underscores the urgent need for new techniques to characterize fire-derived pollution for epidemiologic studies and to build climate-resilient communities especially for aging populations. Using atmospheric chemical transport…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildland fire, air quality, exposure, PM - particulate matter, geospatial analysis, public health, chemical transport model, atmospheric modeling, epidemiology, PM2.5

Impacts of fine particulate matter from wildfire smoke on respiratory and cardiovascular health in California

Increases in wildfire activity across the Western US pose a significant public health threat. While there is evidence that wildfire smoke is detrimental for respiratory health, the impacts on cardiovascular health remain unclear. This study evaluates the association between fine…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: climate change, human health, public health, pollution, fine particulate matter, PM2.5, GEOS-Chem

Advances in Modeling Wildfire Air Quality Events Using Remotely Sensed Data

This seminar is part of the USFS Missoula Fire Lab Seminar Series. Wildfires in the western US have been particularly impactful in recent years not only in terms of loss of life and property but widespread smoke affecting millions of people. Several new satellites have launched…
Person: O'Neill
Year: 2021
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, remote sensing, GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, health impact analysis, Wine Country fires, Camp Fire, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, AQI - Air Quality Index, wildfires, mortality, GoFAST - GOES Fire and Smoke Tool

Interannual and seasonal variability of greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions from biomass burning in Northeastern China constrained by satellite observations

Biomass burning is a major source of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and particulate matter (PM) emissions in China. Despite increasing efforts of fire monitoring, it remains challenging to quantify the variability in interannual and seasonal emissions of GHGs and PM from biomass…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, greenhouse gases, northeastern China, solid fuels, crop residue burning, PM2.5, PM10, biomass burning, air quality, emission inventories, VIIRS - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite, FRP - Fire Radiative Power

Pronounced increases in nitrogen emissions and deposition due to the historic 2020 wildfires in the western U.S.

Wildfire outbreaks can lead to extreme biomass burning (BB) emissions of both oxidized (e.g., nitrogen oxides; NOx = NO+NO2) and reduced form (e.g., ammonia; NH3) nitrogen (N) compounds. High N emissions are major concerns for air quality, atmospheric deposition, and…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, biomass burning emissions, nitrogen emissions, nitrogen deposition, forecast system, WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ model

Combining regulatory instruments and low-cost sensors to quantify the effects of 2020 California wildfires on PM2.5 in San Joaquin Valley

The San Joaquin Valley in California has some of the worst air quality conditions in the nation, affected by a variety of pollution sources including wildfires. Although wildfires are part of the regional ecology, recent increases in wildfire activity may pose increased risk to…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: air quality, low-cost sensor, wildfires, San Joaquin Valley, AQI - Air Quality Index, trajectory model

Enhanced photosynthesis and transpiration in an old growth forest due to wildfire smoke

We document the response of a 2-day wildfire smoke event on a moist temperate coniferous old-growth forest in the western U.S. Wildfire smoke increased air temperature and suppressed relative humidity and total incoming radiation. Despite these conditions a ∼10 % increase in…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: smoke effects, photosynthesis, terrestrial ecosystems, old growth forests, old-growth forests, carbonyl sulfide, transpiration, diffuse light, ecosystem processes, stomatal conductance

Spatial and temporal variation of air pollutant emissions from forest fires in China

Warm and dry climate conditions favor the occurrence of forest fires. Forest burning leads to the discharge of large amounts of particles and trace gases that play an important role in air quality degradation and have impact on human health. To date, most studies on China's…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, forest fire, air pollutants, greenhouse gas, EI - Emission Inventory, air quality, INFERNO - INteractive Fire and Emission algoRithm for Natural envirOnments

Severe biomass-burning aerosol pollution during the 2019 Amazon wildfire and its direct radiative-forcing impact: a space perspective from MODIS retrievals

An extreme biomass burning event occurred in the Amazonian rainforest from July through September 2019 due to the extensive wildfires used to clear the land, which allowed for more significant forest burning than previously occurred. In this study, we reclustered the clear-sky…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: satellite remote sensing, Amazon, wildfire, black carbon, direct radiative forcing, aerosol optical properties, Amazonia, aerosol radiative forcing, AOD - aerosol optical depth, Amazonian rainforest

Wildfire-induced pollution and its short-term impact on COVID-19 cases and mortality in California

Globally, wildfires have seen remarkable increase in duration and size and have become a health hazard. In addition to vegetation and habitat destruction, rapid release of smoke, dust and gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere contributes to its short and long-term detrimental…
Person:
Year: 2023
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, respiratory disease, COVID-19, air pollution

Fire and Snow Across the West

This seminar is part of the USFS Missoula Fire Lab Seminar Series. Snowpacks act like high mountain reservoirs, but are vulnerable to climate change, while the vast majority of forest fires occur in the seasonal snow zone. Forest fires further exacerbate the influence of warming…
Person: Gleason
Year: 2022
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: climate change, snowpack, snowmelt, snow-water storage, fire severity, wildfires, snow hydrology, snow albedo, black carbon, organic debris, snow water equivalent

Catastrophic PM2.5 emissions from Siberian forest fires: impacting factors analysis

With increased forest fires due to climate change, PM2.5 emissions also intensified. Record PM2.5 emissions according to Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service in Russia amounted to 8 megatons (Mt) in 2021, which is 78% higher than the average level of 2004-2021 (4.5 Mt).…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM2.5, wildfires emissions, CAMS - Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, SARIMAX, ERA5, CEDA, Siberia

Valuing the impact of forest disturbances on the climate regulation service of western U.S. forests

The protection and expansion of forest carbon sinks are critical to achieving climate-change mitigation targets. Yet, the increasing frequency and severity of forest disturbances challenge the sustainable provision of forest services. We investigated patterns of forest…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: forest health, climate change, ecosystem services, sustainable forest management, bark beetles, forest disturbance, wildfires, carbon fluxes, fire frequency

Joint vision and key messages on relative benefits of prescribed fire to wildfire

A statement by the Wildland Fire Leadership Council and their partners relating to the benefits of prescribed fire programs.
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords:

Impact of short-term air pollution on respiratory infections: a time-series analysis of COVID-19 cases in California during the 2020 wildfire season

The 2020 California wildfire season coincided with the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic affecting many counties in California, with impacts on air quality. We quantitatively analyzed the short-term effect of air pollution on COVID-19 transmission using county-level data collected…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: air pollution, respiratory infections, COVID-19, environmental health, Generalized Additive Models, generalised least squares linear regression, wildfires, air quality, public health, AQI - Air Quality Index, CO - carbon monoxide, NO2 - nitrogen dioxide, PM2.5

Change of air quality knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and practices pre- and post-wildfires in the United States

Amid worsening climate change, the recurrent wildfires have substantially worsened air quality in the Western United States (U.S.). Understanding the knowledge, attitudes, perception, and practices (KAPP) over time in response to natural disasters such as wildfires is crucial…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, panel survey, air quality, knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, practices

Effects of wildfire ash from native and alien plants on phytoplankton biomass

Wildfires are natural or anthropogenic phenomena increasing at alarming rates globally due to land-use alterations, droughts, climatic warming, hunting and biological invasions. Whereas wildfire effects on terrestrial ecosystems are marked and relatively well-studied, ash…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: primary productivity, chlorophyll, silicate, diatoms, water chemistry, phytoplankton, Africa

Fire and ice: the impact of wildfire-affected albedo and irradiance on glacier melt

Wildfire occurrence and severity is predicted to increase in the upcoming decades with severe negative impacts on human societies. The impacts of upwind wildfire activity on glacier melt, a critical source of freshwater for downstream environments, were investigated through…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: albedo, glacier melt, wildfire, Canada, Canadian Rockies, Athabasca Glacier

Fire-released seed dormancy - a global synthesis

Seed dormancy varies greatly between species, clades, communities, and regions. We propose that fireprone ecosystems create ideal conditions for the selection of seed dormancy as fire provides a mechanism for dormancy release and postfire conditions are optimal for germination.…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: cerrado, Cistaceae, crown fire, Fabaceae, fire heat, Mediterranean, myrmecochory, Poaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rutaceae, savanna, seasonality, seed dormancy, surface fire

Wildfire smoke effects on lake-habitat specific metabolism: toward a conceptual understanding

The impacts of wildfire smoke on lake habitats remains unclear. We determined the metabolic response to smoke in the epi-pelagic and two littoral habitats in Castle Lake, California. We compared light regime, gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: lakes, habitat analysis

Simultaneous characterization of wildfire smoke and surface properties with imaging spectroscopy during the FIREX-AQ field campaign

We introduce and evaluate an approach for the simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and surface properties from Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Classic (AVIRIS-C) data collected during wildfires. The joint National Aeronautics and Space Administration/National Oceanic…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: AVIRIS - Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer, air quality, Williams Flats Fire, Washington

Birth weight following pregnancy wildfire smoke exposure in more than 1.5 million newborns in Brazil: a nationwide case-control study

Background Air pollution exposure has been associated with critical neonatal morbidities, including low birth weight (LBW). However, little is known on short-term exposure to wildfire smoke and LBW. In this study, we estimated the association between birth weight following…
Person:
Year: 2022
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, air pollution, birth weight, pregnancy, Brazil, smoke exposure

Human-caused fires release more carbon than lightning-caused fires in the conterminous United States

Anthropogenic carbon emissions from fires impact the global carbon budget and contribute to global warming. However, due to the lack of inventory data, little was known about how carbon emissions differed between human-caused and lightning-caused fires previously. In this study…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: wildfire, carbon emissions, biomass burning, human-caused fires, burned area, drought, lightning-caused fires, climate change mitigation

The contribution of wildland fire emissions to deposition in the U S: implications for tree growth and survival in the Northwest

Ecosystems require access to key nutrients like nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) to sustain growth and healthy function. However, excessive deposition can also damage ecosystems through nutrient imbalances, leading to changes in productivity and shifts in ecosystem structure. While…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): California, Eastern, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: wildfires, wildland fire, N - nitrogen, nitrogen deposition, ecosystem impacts, S - sulfur, atmospheric chemistry modeling, tree growth, tree survival, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System

Evaluating accuracy of four MODIS-derived burned area products for tropical peatland and non-peatland fires

Satellite-based burned area products are accurate for many regions. However, only limited assessments exist for Indonesia despite extensive burning and globally important carbon emissions. We evaluated the accuracy of four MODIS-derived (moderate resolution imaging…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: tropical peatlands, Indonesia, wildfires, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, burned area mapping, temporal accuracy, remote sensing