Type
Topic
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Displaying 1 - 23 of 23
From the text...'The benefits of prescribed fire are many, but prescribed fire is a complex tool and should be used only by those trained in its use. Proper diagnosis and detailed planning are needed for every area where burning is contemplated. The incomplete assessment of any…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern, International
Keywords: aesthetics, backing fires, cavity nesting birds, Colinus virginianus, distribution, Drymarchon corais, Felis concolor, fire dependent species, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire management, forest management, game birds, general interest, Gopherus polyphemus, hardwoods, headfires, landscape ecology, liability, mammals, mosaic, nesting cover, nongame birds, Odocoileus, Picoides borealis, pine forests, Pinus echinata, Pinus elliottii, Pinus palustris, Pinus taeda, plant communities, recreation, reptiles, riparian habitats, season of fire, smoke effects, spot fires, threatened and endangered species (animals), threatened and endangered species (plants), understory vegetation, wildlife, wildlife habitat management
Custer State Park is a large multiple use park where the dominant vegetation is ponderosa pine. Past management practices and recent wildfires have created a variety of stand structures. The Resource Management Plan was designed and written in holistic fashion; public input was…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Outreach, Social Science
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: age classes, Betula papyrifera, Black Hills, computer programs, coniferous forests, digital data collection, ecosystem dynamics, fire intensity, fire suppression, forest management, GIS, histories, logging, overstory, Picea glauca, Pinus ponderosa, population density, population ecology, Populus tremuloides, public information, Quercus macrocarpa, South Dakota, stand characteristics, state parks, statistical analysis, vegetation surveys, wildfires
The AERONOX programme investigated the impact of NOx emissions from aircraft on the atmosphere and included an extensive modelling programme. In the model comparisons undertaken within the AERONOX programme, a standard set of emissions of NO from both aviation and non-aviation…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Africa, air quality, Asia, biomass, combustion, decomposition, deforestation, distribution, forest management, gases, grasslands, human caused fires, lightning, microorganisms, post fire recovery, rainforests, shrublands, soils, South America, statistical analysis, tropical forests, tundra, NOx, biomass burning, soils, lightning, troposphere, ammonia oxidation, fossil fuels, global emissions, inventories, AERONOX
California chaparral and South African fynbos are fire-prone communities dominated by species exhibiting remarkable similarities in germination response. In both regions there are a substantial number of species with germination stimulated chemically by charred wood and smoke.…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin, International
Keywords: Africa, annual plants, Calochortus, Ceanothus leucodermis, Ceanothus megacarpus, chaparral, char, Emmenanthe penduliflora, evolution, fynbos, germination, heat effects, herbaceous vegetation, Mediterranean habitats, perennial plants, plant growth, post fire recovery, range management, regeneration, seed germination, shrubs, South Africa
[no description entered]
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: air temperature, Australia, convection, dead fuels, eucalyptus, Eucalyptus sieberi, field experimental fires, fire intensity, fire management, flame length, fuel loading, fuel management, fuel moisture, ignition, leaves, live fuels, New South Wales, radiation, rate of spread, scorch, smoke behavior, statistical analysis, surface fuels, understory vegetation, wind
Prescribed burning costs are extemely variable, even if conditions are similar. This variability complicates planning and evaluation of prescribed burning programs and budgets, resulting in imprecise projecions of their economic benefits. Evaluating the worth of prescribed…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire management, fire size, Idaho, Montana, mopping up, Oregon, statistical analysis
Slow combustion or burning of dry or green plant material from many sources produces volatile compounds that are water soluble and that stimulate the germination of many seeds with different dormancy strategies. The active prinicipals are apparently produced around 160-200ºC and…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): California, Great Basin, International
Keywords: Acacia spp., Australia, Banksia, bibliographies, combustion, conservation, Eucalyptus grandis, flowering, fynbos, germination, grasslands, Hypoxis, Mediterranean habitats, natural areas management, Passerina vulgaris, Pinus patula, plant physiology, roots, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, temperature, volatilization, water
Fire is a fundamental component of the Longleaf Pine ecosystem. As land managers seek to restore the Longleaf Pine at sites throughout the South, prescribed fire will be an integral part of their plan. However, the effects of prescribed fire on air quality are a serious concern…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Mapping, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Weather, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, coastal plain, computer programs, drainage, Florida, Georgia, GIS, land use, liability, longleaf pine, Piedmont, pine forests, Pinus palustris, smoke behavior, smoke effects, smoke management, wildfires, wind
Epacris stuartii (Epacridaceae) is an endangered heathland shrub in which seedling recruitment occurs almost exclusively after fire. Seed viability and multiple seed dormancy mechanisms were examined to explore why levels of seedling recruitment were low after some fires,…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Ecology, Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, fire management, germination, heat, heat effects, heathlands, light, regeneration, seed dormancy, seed germination, seed production, seedlings, seeds, shrubs, smoke effects, Tasmania, threatened and endangered species (plants)
Anthropoeenic influences on recent tree mortality in mid-montane mixed conifer forests of southern California, USA, and northern Baja California, Mexico, were investigated. The Pinus jeffreyi-Abies concolor phase of the mixed-conifer montane community was sampled at three sites…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fire Prevention, Mapping
Region(s): California, Great Basin
Keywords: Abies concolor, air quality, biomass, coniferous forests, Dendroctonus, disturbance, droughts, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire management, fire suppression, forest management, human caused fires, Iva, Metrosideros polymorpha, Mexico, mortality, mountains, Pinus jeffreyi, plant communities, pollution, population density, southern California, statistical analysis, trees
Germinable seed stores were measured in jarrah forest soils at six sites during one year. The overall mean seed content to a depth of 5 cm was 292 seeds m-². There was a significant seasonal difference, with a maximum of 435 seeds m-² in summer, after the majority of species in…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): International
Keywords: Acacia spp., Acacia pulchella, artificial regeneration, Bossiaea, Bossiaea aquifolium, chemical elements, convection, eucalyptus, germination, heat effects, jarrah, land management, legumes, litter, Mediterranean habitats, minerals, mining, plant physiology, population density, regeneration, sampling, seasonal activities, seed germination, seeds, smoke effects, soils, species diversity (plants), Trymalium ledifolium, western Australia, bauxite, forest, jarrah, mining, season, seed, seed-banks, soil
A computerized fire weather model coupled with a synoptic model is a powerful means of describing the weather part of the fire environment.
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire History, Fuels, Mapping, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air quality, ash, fire danger rating, GIS - geographic information system, GPS - global positioning system, smoke behavior, wilderness fire management, wildfires
The trade-offs between wildfire and prescribed fire for smoke emission and forest health often are dependent upon prevailing weather and climate patterns. Unfortunately, measurements of atmospheric variables are scarce, especially in complex terrain where many fire and health…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Mapping, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: air quality, coniferous forests, distribution, droughts, ecosystem dynamics, elevation, fire frequency, forest management, GIS, ignition, lightning, lightning caused fires, mountains, Oregon, precipitation, weather observations, wildfires, wind
Total particulate matter (PM) emissions were estimated for recent fires (1979-1990) and the presettlement period (prior to 1935) in the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness (SEW) in Idaho and Montana. Recent period emissions were calculated by l0-day periods for surface fire and crown…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Weather
Region(s): Great Basin, Northern Rockies
Keywords: Abies grandis, air quality, coniferous forests, fire management, fire regimes, fire suppression, forest management, fuel accumulation, fuel models, Idaho, Montana, natural resource legislation, Pinus ponderosa, presettlement fires, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness Areas, smoke management, wilderness fire management, wildfires
Early 1900 wildfires throughout much of the Adirondack Mountain landscape resulted in the prohibition of prescribed burns within the Adirondack and Catskill Parks boundaries and restriction of prescribed burning to only non-forested areas (i.e., grasslands) throughout the…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Intelligence, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: Abies spp., barrens, conservation, education, fire management, grasslands, New York, pine barrens, public information, smoke management, wildfires
Prescribed fire as a social issue becomes automatically an ecological, political, and economic issue. Any issue that affects us socially we take to the political arena, and its final resolution will involve the costs of different avenues to resolving the issue. Unfortunately,…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Prevention, Outreach, Prescribed Fire, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: conservation, education, European settlement, fire control, fire exclusion, fire suppression, human caused fires, prehistoric fires, public information, wilderness fire management
The Fire Behavior Research Work Unit (RWU) of the Intermountain Research Station has been developing the Wildland Fire Assessment System (WFAS) since 1994. The WFAS will eventually combine the functionality of the current fire-danger rating system (Deeming et al. 1977) and the…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Planning, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire potential, WFAS - Wildland Fire Assessment System, fire danger rating, climatology, crown fires, fire frequency, fire intensity, fuel moisture, live fuels, Oklahoma, smoke management, wilderness fire management, wildfires
Anthropogenic activities of the past century have caused a dramatic increase in global air pollution. This process has accelerated in the past few decades, and emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, or chlorofluorocarbons caused serious changes in the earth's climate, e.g…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California, Northwest, International
Keywords: air pollution, climate change, nutrient cycles, plant response, forest fires, forests
A First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) was developed to predict the direct consequences of prescribed fire and wildfire. FOFEM computes duff and woody fuel consumption, smoke production, and fire-caused tree mortality for most forest and rangeland types in the United States.…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, tree mortality, duff, fuel consumption, air quality, bibliographies, computer program, cover, cover type, fire danger rating, fire injuries (plants), fire intensity, fire management planning, fire models, fuel moisture, mortality, particulates, smoke management, succession, US Forest Service, wildfires
VSMOKE-GIS was developed to help prescribed burners in the national forests of the Southeastern United States visualize smoke dispersion and to plan prescribed burns. Developed for use on workstations, this decision-support system consists of a graphical user interface, written…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: GIS - geographic information system, smoke dispersion, smoke plume, VSMOKE, plume definition, smoke plume parameters, VSMKGS
In this study outputs from four current General Circulation Models (GCMs) were used to project forest fire danger levels in Canada and Russia under a warmer climate. Temperature and precipitation anomalies between 1 x CO2 and 2 x CO2 runs were combined with baseline observed…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire danger, fire regimes, fire severity, fire weather, forest fire, carbon budget, climate change, CO2 - carbon dioxide, intensive forest management, Russia, C - carbon, climatology, fire danger rating, fire management, forest management, precipitation, temperature
Smoke produced by vegetation fires consists of a complex mixture of gaseous, liquid, and solid phases. Many particulates are generated during vegetation fires. Crutzen and Andreae (1990) have estimated that global emissions of pyrogenic smoke particles (50-150 Tg yr-l) may…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: fire, atmosphere, global change, biomass burning
During the spring and summer of 1994 we monitored soil-atmosphere exchanges of methane and carbon dioxide at upland sites in the Canadian boreal forest near the northern study area (NSA) of the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS). The effects of fire on methane and carbon…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, C - carbon, black spruce, boreal, CH4 - methane, CO2 - carbon dioxide, gas exchange, Picea mariana