Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 76 - 100 of 117
The Arctic is experiencing record heat and wildfires are ramping up across the global north. New research shows northern forest fire frequency and severity are rapidly increasing, releasing large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere and worsening climate feedback loops. WHRC…
Person: Rogers, Natali, Frumhoff
Year: 2020
Type: Media
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forests, 2020 fire season, climate change, fire frequency, fire severity, burned area, C - carbon, carbon release, air temperature, carbon emissions, wildfires, black carbon, human health, permafrost, fire management, carbon budget
Background:
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during wildfire seasons has been associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous studies have focused on daily exposure, but PM2.5 levels in smoke events can vary considerably within 1 d.
Objectives:
We aimed to assess…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfire, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, public health, Canada, British Columbia, smoke exposure, ambulance, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease
In the southern hemisphere summer of 2019–20, Australia experienced its most severe bushfire season on record. Smoke from fires affected 80% of the population, with large and prolonged exceedances of the Australian National Air Quality Standard for fine particulate matter (PM2.5…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Logistics, Planning, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Australia, smartphone app, digital technology, air quality, public health, AirRater, smoke exposure
Wildfires are disturbances that affect forest structure and dynamics. Forests and the atmosphere interact in different ways; one is by emitting carbon (C) through wildfires and recapturing it by photosynthesis of regrowing vegetation. Estimation of C emissions and uptake allows…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon loss, forest recovery, greenhouse gases, sequestered carbon, Patagonia, Argentina, Austrocedrus chilensis, cypress
Amazonian deforestation from slash‐and‐burn practices is a significant contributor to biomass burning within Brazil. Fires emit carbonaceous aerosols that negatively impact human health by increasing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. These negative effects on health…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: adjoint, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, Amazon, Brazil, air quality, biomass, public health, aerosols, health impacts
Grassland fires results in carbon emissions, which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance. The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22% of the total grassland area in China, and many fires occur in the area every year. However, there are…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: carbon emissions, grassland fire, Inner Mongolia, China, spatio-temporal pattern, surface fuel load
Wildfires are a serious threat to ecosystems and human life. Usually, smoke is generated before the flame, and due to the diffusing nature of the smoke, we can detect smoke from a distance, so wildfire smoke detection is especially important for early warning systems. In this…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Models, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, smoke detection, semantic segmentation, natural scene, real-time detection, CNN - convolution neural network
The magnitude of the terrestrial carbon (C) sink may be overestimated globally due to the difficulty of accounting for all C losses across heterogeneous landscapes. More complete assessments of net landscape C balances (NLCB) are needed that integrate both emissions by fire and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, fire-related emissions, fluvial carbon transport, inland waters, carbon sink, CH4 - methane, net ecosystem carbon budget, seasonal wetlands, Australia
Prescribed fire can result in significant benefits to ecosystems and society. Examples include improved wildlife habitat, enhanced biodiversity, reduced threat of destructive wildfire, and enhanced ecosystem resilience. Prescribed fire can also come with costs, such as reduced…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: C - carbon, wildfires, fire severity, fire management, fire regimes
Understanding the combustion dynamics of fuels, and the generation and propagation of smoke in a wildland fire, can inform short-range and long-range pollutant transport models, and help address and mitigate air quality concerns in communities. Smoldering smoke can cause health…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: air quality, smoke dynamics, fine particulate matter, flaming combustion, smoldering combustion, smoke propagation, micro sensor system, black spruce, Picea mariana, Alberta, Canada
The Fire Continuum Conference, co-sponsored by the Association for Fire Ecology and the International Association of Wildland Fire, was designed to cover both the biophysical and human dimensions aspects of fire along the fire continuum. This proceedings includes many of topics…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildfires, bushfires, wildland fire
Smoke from bushfires (also known as wildfires or forest fires) has blanketed large regions of Australia during the southern hemisphere summer of 2019/2020, potentially endangering residents who breathe the polluted air. While such air pollution is known to cause respiratory…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: Australia, bushfire, wildfire, air pollution, PM - particulate matter, brain health, PM2.5, neurotoxicity, human health
Boreal wildfires are increasing in intensity, extent, and frequency, potentially intensifying carbon emissions and transitioning the region from a globally significant carbon sink to a source. The productive southern boreal forests of central Canada already experience relatively…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: climate change, ecozone, Canada, Saskatchewan, harvesting, land use, latitudinal gradient, soil moisture, stand age, carbon stocks, combustion rate, carbon dynamics, boreal forest
As the carbon monoxide (CO) total column over Asia is among the highest in the world, it is important to characterize its variations in space and time. Using Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) and Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) satellite data, the…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Asia, CO - carbon monoxide, biomass burning, MOPITT - Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere instrument, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, interannual variation, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, GFED - Global Fire Emissions Database, remote sensing, satellite data
As we enter the wildfire season in the northern hemisphere, the potential for a dangerous interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and smoke pollution should be recognized and acknowledged. This is challenging because the public health threat of COVID-19 is immediate and clear, whereas…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Planning, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: COVID-19, coronavirus, public health, wildfires, air pollution, respiratory health, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, air quality, preparation
Fire is one of the major issues facing Southeast Asian peatlands causing socio-economic, human health and climate crises. Many of these fires in the region are associated with land clearing or management practices for oil palm plantations. Here we study the direct post-fire…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: tropical peat, peat fires, oil palm, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CH4 - methane, land use change, land-use changes, peatlands
Studies of the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols, rain water and snow in various regions of the globe quite often show the presence of pyridine and a number of its low mass derivatives. Nevertheless, the sources of those compounds in the environment have not yet been…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: peat fires, pyridines, air pollution, pyrolysis, combustion products, GC-MS, laboratory fires
Almost every year, First Nations are evacuated in Canada because of wildfire proximity and smoke. Dynamics of wildfires, and remote locations, unique sociocultural characteristics, and limited emergency management resources present challenges for evacuation organizers and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Planning, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: community resilience, evacuation planning, First Nations, Indigenous Peoples, wildfire smoke, Canada
Biomonitoring of exposures to toxic contaminants from environmental smoke is important given their deleterious impacts on human health, including cardiorespiratory diseases and cancer. This is particularly relevant for firefighters who are prone to extensive dermal exposure to…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke exposure, firefighter, biomarkers, biomonitoring, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, occupational health
Ever since colonial times, the rural inhabitants of Guinea-Bissau have been blamed for lighting uncontrolled fires all over the country. Based on in-depth ethnographic research in two regions, a country-level rapid rural appraisal, and analysis of satellite active fire data,…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Prescribed Fire, Social Science
Region(s): International
Keywords: Guinea-Bissau, governance, fire, land use change, remote sensing, fire regions, biocultural, political ecology
Aerosols emitted from wildfires could significantly affect global climate through perturbing global radiation balance. In this study, the Community Earth System Model with prescribed daily fire aerosol emissions is used to investigate fire aerosols’ impacts on global climate…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, radiative forcing, radiative effects, aerosols, aerosol-cloud interaction, air-sea interaction, biomass burning, wildfire
Wildfires release terrestrial elements to the atmosphere as aerosols, and these events are becoming more frequent and intense in the Arctic boreal forest as the climate is warming. We quantified the impact of atmospheric deposition of aerosols from local wildfires on metal (loid…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, NWT - Northwest Territories, charcoal, sediment, remobilization, lead, Hg - mercury, aerosol
El Niño years are characterized by a high sea surface temperature anomaly in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean, which leads to unusually warm and dry conditions over many fire-prone regions globally. This can lead to an increase in burned area and emissions from fire activity, and…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Models, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: El Niño, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, area burned, JULES - Joint UK Land Environment Simulator, INFERNO - INteractive Fire and Emission algoRithm for Natural envirOnments, South America, Africa, Asia, carbon sink, burned area
The accurate extraction of agricultural burned area is essential for fire-induced air quality models and assessments of agricultural grain loss and wildfire disasters. The present study provides an improved approach for mapping uncontrolled cropland burned areas, which involves…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: agricultural land, BSI - burn scar index, TBSI - temperature burn scar index, temperature index, area burned, agricultural fires, China, fire management
Today wildfire is an important disturbance in many continental ecosystems, and it is assumed that with ongoing climate changes the frequencies and impacts of wildfires will increase in many regions. One way to obtain information about the potential long term influences of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History
Region(s): International
Keywords: China, charcoal, Inertinite, PAH - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, paleooxygen concentration, greenhouse gas emissions, Middle Jurassic