Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 1101 - 1125 of 5834
Emissions of particulate matter from prescribed fire in Georgia were sampled from an airplane and from various points on the ground. The source strength for the tire was determined, and an average emission factor for particulate matter of 10.3 g kg^-1 calculated from an analysis…
Person:
Year: 1979
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: Georgia, PM - particulate matter, smoke plumes, smoke behavior, air quality, particulates, state forests, fire management, forest management, smoke management, SFP - Southern Fire Portal
Airborne measurements of thirteen trace gases from seven forest fires in North America are used to determine their average emission factors. The emission factors are then used to estimate the contributions of biomass burning to the worldwide fluxes of these gases. The estimate…
Person:
Year: 1989
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California, Northwest, International
Keywords: biomass burning, emission factors, fire emissions, trace gases, airborne measurements, wildfires, air quality, gases, Picea glauca, white spruce, Picea mariana, Pinus banksiana, jack pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, Ontario, Canada, Oregon, fire management, forest management, smoke management, chaparral, coniferous forests
This paper provides an update of our sampling program and outlines the technology emerging from the application of these data. During the past year, 90% of the objectives were satisfied for sampling emissions in plumes from prescribed fires at downwind locations by using…
Person:
Year: 1982
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Willamette National Forest, fire plumes, residues
Measurements in the plumes from seven forest fires show that the concentrations of NH3 were considerably in excess of ambient values. Calculation of NH3 emissions from the fires, based on the ratio of NH3/CO in the plumes and emissions of CO from biomass burning, suggest that…
Person:
Year: 1988
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Northern Rockies, Northwest, International
Keywords: smoke measurements, biomass burning, fire emissions, smoke plumes, airborne measurements, ammonia
The purpose of this paper is to describe ozone production in forest slash burn plumes. Plumes from controlled fires in the slate of Washington were monitored using an instrumented aircraft. Ozone, oxides of nitrogen, condensation nuclei, and visual range (nephelometer) were…
Person:
Year: 1981
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: hydrocarbons, Washington, fire plumes, ozone production
Prescribed fires are used on about 155,000 acres of land each year in the Pacific Northwest states of Oregon and Washington. Particulate matter emission factors can be altered by selecting optimal burning conditions to improve combustion efficiency. This paper reports on the…
Person:
Year: 1986
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: Oregon, phases of combustion, Washington, emission factors, particulate matter (PM) emissions
This report characterizes smoke emissions from small-scale prescribed burns in southern California chaparral. In situ measurements of smoke emissions were made from 12 fires. Three replicate tests were performed in each of four distinct fuel and fire treatments common to…
Person:
Year: 1996
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): California
Keywords: chaparral, emission factor, smoke management, fire emissions
A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for determining the concentration of trace amounts of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in particulate matter from combustion of forest fuels was validated. Particulate matter was prepared for analysis by a small-scale (1 mg),…
Person:
Year: 1985
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, BaP - benzo(a)pyrene, liquid chromatography
Although forest burning is prescribed widely across the United States, it is most commonly practiced in the Northwestern and the Southern United States. In 1978, approximately 37 million metric tons of forest fuels on all forest ownerships were burned by prescription;…
Person:
Year: 1984
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Unknown
Keywords: fuel loading, BaP - benzo(a)pyrene
In the summer of 1994 the 0.07 cm^-1 resolution infrared Airborne Emission Spectrometer (AES) acquired spectral data over two wildfires, one in central Oregon on August 3 and the other near San Luis Obispo, California, on August 15. The spectrometer was on board a NASA DC-8…
Person:
Year: 1997
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California, Northwest
Keywords: remote sensing, Oregon, infrared spectroscopy, airborne infrared imagery
This work introduces remote sensing of biomass burning emissions using high-resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy over open paths in smoke plumes from biomass fires. There are several advantages to this type of smoke composition measurement, which…
Person:
Year: 1991
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: remote sensing, biomass emissions, smoke measurements, biomass burning, smoke plumes, FTIR - Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy
We used an airborne Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (AFTIR), coupled to a flow-through, air-sampling cell, on a King Air B-90 to make in situ trace gas measurements in isolated smoke plumes from four, large, boreal zone wildfires in interior Alaska during June 1997.…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: wildfire, AFTIR - airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, trace gas emissions, boreal forest fires, smoke plumes, smoke monitoring
The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality has undertaken studies designed to evaluate the particulate air quality impact of slash burning and other sources in Oregon's southern Willamette Valley. New source impact identification techniques have been developed and applied…
Person:
Year: 1979
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air quality, Oregon, slash burning, Willamette Valley, slash impact analysis
Open sources are those stationary sources of air pollution too great in extent to be controlled through enclosure or ducting. Open sources of atmospheric particles include: wind erosion, tilling, and prescribed burning of agricultural cropland; surface mining and wind erosion of…
Person:
Year: 1980
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, atmospheric particles, particulate emissions, open source emissions
In many areas of the U.S. and particularly in Oregon, residential wood burning has been identified as a major source of fine particle pollution in the wintertime. In this paper, evidence is presented that open burning of twigs, branches, leaves, orchard prunings, and other…
Person:
Year: 1984
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: air pollution, Oregon, residential wood burning, backyard burning, gaseous tracer model
The body of information presented in this paper is directed to those interested in assessing emission rates and concentration levels from agriculture burning, and/or those interested in simulation techniques. This paper describes a source-oriented air pollution monitoring…
Person:
Year: 1975
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Hawaii
Keywords: agricultural burning, air pollution, emission rate, ambient pollution levels
It has been suggested that thinning trees and other fuel-reduction practices aimed at reducing the probability of high-severity forest fire are consistent with efforts to keep carbon (C) sequestered in terrestrial pools, and that such practices should therefore be rewarded…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southwest
Keywords: fire severity, fuel reduction treatments, carbon storage, western United States, fire exclusion, fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, fire injury, fire intensity, fuel moisture, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, biomass, carbon, disturbance, drought, mortality, size classes, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Douglas-fir, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, fuel management, coniferous forests
For millennia, peatlands have served as an important sink for atmospheric CO2 and today represent a large soil carbon reservoir. While recent land use and wildfires have reduced carbon sequestration in tropical peatlands, the influence of disturbance on boreal peatlands is…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: carbon emissions, organic matter, peatlands, boreal peatlands, carbon loss, combustion, peat fires, surface fires, surface fuels, wildfires, carbon, carbon dioxide, climate change, drainage, soil moisture, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, Canada, Alberta, fire management, land use, soil management, boreal forest, marshland
A method was developed to estimate carbon consumed during wildland fires in interior Alaska based on medium-spatial scale data (60 m cell size) generated on a daily basis. Carbon consumption estimates were developed for 41 fire events in the large fire year of 2004 and 34 fire…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: disturbance, fuel moisture, remote sensing, boreal carbon dynamics, biomass burning, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire size, season of fire, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, GIS - geographic information system, Picea mariana, black spruce, fire management, forest management, boreal forest
Biomass burning is a major source of many atmospheric trace gases and aerosol particles (Crutzen and Andreae 1990). These compounds and particulates affect public health, regional air quality, air chemistry, and global climate. It is difficult to assess quantitatively the impact…
Person:
Year: 2003
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fuels
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fuel treatments, Hayman Fire, wildfire, biomass, Colorado, MODIS satellite
The emissions from delivering and burning forest treatment residue biomass in a boiler for thermal energy were compared with onsite disposal by pile-burning and using fossil fuels for the equivalent energy. Using biomass for thermal energy reduced carbon dioxide emissions on…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, logging residue, bioenergy, biomass energy
Research activities focused on estimating the direct emissions of carbon from wildland fires across North America are reviewed as part of the North American Carbon Program disturbance synthesis. A comparison of methods to estimate the loss of carbon from the terrestrial…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fuel moisture, carbon cycle, carbon emissions, FERA - Fire and Environmental Research Applications Team, North America, wildland fires, fire emissions, emission scenarios
Experimentations have been carried out in the infrared using Fourier transform infrared spectrometers. The obtained data characterize the emission of radiation by flames using vegetation as fuel. In a study conducted in parallel, the absorption of radiation by the vegetation has…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: absorption, radiation, forest fires, flame emission
Aerosol emissions from vegetation fires have a large impact on air quality and climate. In this study, we use published experimental data and different fitting procedures to derive dynamic particle number and mass emission factors (EFPN, EFPM) related to the fuel type, burning…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: particle size, vegetation fires, emission factors, aerosol emissions
High frequency of agricultural fires is observed every year during the summer months over SW Russia and Eastern Europe. This study investigates the initial injection height of aerosol generated by the fires over these regions during the biomass burning season, which determines…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Russia, agricultural fires, Eastern Europe, aerosol injection height, aerosol transport modeling