Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 201 - 225 of 5839
Wildfires have significant effects on human populations, economically, environmentally, and in terms of their general well-being. Smoke pollution, in particular, from either prescribed burns or uncontrolled wildfires, can have significant health impacts. Some estimates suggest…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Models, Social Science
Region(s): California
Keywords: smoke dispersion, crowdsourcing, air quality, wildfires, risk perception, pollution, social media, 2014 King Fire, Generalized Additive Models
Changes in climate and fire regimes are transforming the boreal forest, the world’s largest biome. Boreal North America recently experienced two years with large burned area: 2014 in the Northwest Territories and 2015 in Alaska. Here we use climate, lightning, fire and…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, lightning, Northwest Territories, ignition, fire size, area burned, carbon emissions, climate change, fire regimes, lightning ignitions, temperature, precipitation
Fire is an intrinsic element of many forest ecosystems; it shapes their ecological processes, determines species composition and influences landscape structure. However, wildfires may: have undesirable effects on biodiversity and vegetation coverage; produce carbon emissions to…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: climate change, climate variability, forest fire, tool
Wildfires emit significant amounts of pollutants that degrade air quality. Plumes from three wildfires in the western U.S. were measured from aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northwest
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, emission factors, PM - particulate matter, aerosols, NEI - National Emissions Inventory, organic aerosols, air pollution
During the summer of 2012 the Hewlett Gulch and High Park wildfires burned an area of 400 km2 northwest of Fort Collins, Colorado. These fires both came within 20 km of the Department of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University, allowing for extensive measurements of…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Colorado, biomass burning, ammonia, reactive nitrogen, High Park Fire, Hewlett Gulch Fire, particles, N - nitrogen, air quality, wildfires, Rocky Mountains
This study estimated the economic costs associated with morbidity from the wildfires that occurred in 2007 in southern California. We used the excess number of hospital admissions and emergency department visits to quantify the morbidity effects and used medical costs to…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: cost of illness, air quality, forest fire, respiratory illness, social cost, public health
A prolonged and exceptionally intense air mass advection event transporting biomass burning aerosols generated in Alaska affected Ny-Ålesund in the mid of July 2015. This paper reports the morphochemical characteristics and mixing state of individual aerosol particles collected…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Norway, Svalbard, biomass burning, particles, image analysis, aerosols
Wildfire emissions in the boreal forests yield an important contribution to the chemical budget of the troposphere. To assess the contribution of wildfire to the emissions of atmospheric trace species in the Great Xing’an Mountains (GXM), which is also the most severe fire-prone…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, satellite, China, burned area, boreal forests, fire activity, fire scars, fire size, aerosols, air quality, particulates, remote sensing, fire management, forest management
The Research and Development (R&D) Wildland Fire and Fuels program at the Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, continues to be an internationally renowned program for generating critical and essential data, knowledge, and applications for all…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildland fire, wildfires, atmospheric chemistry, fuels management, fuel treatment, research and development
Old-growth forests play a decisive role in preserving biodiversity and ecological functions. In an environment frequently disturbed by fire, the importance of old-growth forests as both a carbon stock as well as a source of emissions when burnt is not fully understood. Here, we…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Canada, Quebec, Ontario, boreal forest, fuel load, carbon emissions, sustainable management, mitigation measures, old-growth forests, time since fire, carbon accumulation, fuel inventory
Low intensity prescription burning is used to reduce fuels, improve ecosystem health, and to mimic a natural fire pattern that is otherwise suppressed during the more intense wildfire season. There are many constraints that limit the ability to conduct prescribed burn operations…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: North Carolina, visibility, air quality, fine particulate matter, ozone, BlueSky Modeling Framework, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory
This project, a collaboration between Colorado State University (CSU), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), the University of Washington (UW), and the National Park Service (NPS), investigated the atmospheric aging of biomass burning plumes in order to examine changes in both…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: biomass burning, plumes, Canada, IMPROVE, PM - particulate matter
This document reports our success in achieving the objectives and accomplishing the deliverables proposed in the project “Deterministic and Empirical Assessment of Smoke’s Contribution to Ozone (DEASCO3). This final report is divided into four sections. Section 1, the Background…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: O3 - ozone, air quality
A series of wildfires in northern Quebec, early July 2002, and in southern Quebec, late May 2010, resulted in severe air pollution downwind. Downwind exposures were investigated to estimate the impact on outdoor and indoor environments. The plumes derived from the wildfires…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: wildfires, ozone, PM2.5, indoor air quality, downwind effect, exposure, Canada, Quebec, plumes, fire case histories, air quality, carbon, chlorine, particulates, pollution, K - potassium, wind, fire management, forest management, smoke management
On August 8, 2010, a severe derecho type thunderstorm in the Baltic Sea region coincided with smoke from wildfires in Russia. Remarkable smoke aerosol concentrations, with a maximum aerosol optical depth of more than 2 at 550 nm, were observed near the thunderstorm. The impact…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Derecho, Russia, aerosol, radiative effects, HARMONIE - Hirlam Aladin Research for Mesoscale Operational Numerical Weather Prediction in Euromed, thunderstorms
We looked at 19 wildfire events that were observed in the summers of 2012 and 2013 at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO, 2.7 km a.s.l.), a mountaintop site located in central Oregon. We identified wildfire plumes using enhancement ratios (ΔY/ΔX), which we calculated for each…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: Oregon, ozone production, enhancement ratios, wildfires, fire plumes
Wildfires alter land cover creating changes in dynamic, vegetative, radiative, thermal and hydrological properties of the surface. However, how so drastic changes induced by wildfires and how the age of the burnt scar affect the small and meso-scale atmospheric boundary layer…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Portugal, Mediterranean region, wildfires, water cycle
The most destructive wildfire experienced in Spain since 2004 occurred close to Valencia in summer 2012. A total of 48.500 ha were affected by two wildfires, which were mostly active during 29–30 June. The fresh smoke plume was detected at the Burjassot measurement station…
Person:
Year: 2017
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, dust, aerosol, Spain, smoke plume
Landowners and managers, municipalities, the logging and livestock industries, and conservation professionals all increasingly recognize that setting prescribed fires may reduce the devastating effects of wildfire, control invasive brush and weeds, improve livestock range and…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Administration, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Monitoring and Inventory, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Social Science, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: human dimension, public relations, smoke management, mop up
Persistent high pressure conditions over the European part of Russia during summer 2010 were responsible for an extended period of hot and dry weather, creating favourable conditions for severe wildfires. The chemical transport model SILAM is used to simulate the dispersion of…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: Russia, SILAM, MACC - Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate, HARMONIE - Hirlam Aladin Research for Mesoscale Operational Numerical Weather Prediction in Euromed, wildfires, aerosol radiative effects
The importance of flame detection cannot be ignored in a wildfire video surveillance system due to disturbance of heavy fog and challenging of smoke detection. In this paper a novel method for hierarchical detection of wildfire flame video is presented. Specifically, wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2015
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: hierarchical detection, wildfire flame video detection, sparse representation, fire detection
UV absorption in Valparaíso, Chile, is analyzed during the passage of a smoke column from a nearby forest fire. Total solar absorption is measured, UVB and UVA radiation, UV nanometre to nanometre between 295 nm and 315 nm. With the purpose of seeing what factors intervene in…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: Chile, UV - ultra violet, PM - particulate matter, absorption
Predictions of O3, CO, total NOy and individual NOy species (NO, NO2, HNO3, PAN, alkyl nitrates and aerosol nitrate) from a fine resolution regional air quality modeling system for the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) and San Joaquin Valley Air Basin (SJVAB) of California are…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): California
Keywords: ozone, CO - carbon monoxide, wildfires, reactive nitrogen, air quality, fire plumes, N - nitrogen, fire management, smoke management
Smoke from wildland burning in association with fog has been implicated as a visibility hazard over roadways in the United States. Visibilities at accident sites have been estimated in the range from 1 to 3 m (extinction coefficients between 1000 and 4000). Temperature and…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fog, forest fires, visibility, humidity, temperature, radiative forcing, water vapor, water content, combustion, coniferous forests, fire management, forest management, Georgia, moisture, national forests, Pinus taeda, pollution, radiation, season of fire, smoke management, South Carolina, water, statistical analysis
An overview of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) current operational Smoke Forecasting System (SFS) is presented. This system is intended as guidance to air quality forecasters and the public for fine particulate matter (≤2.5 μm) emitted from large…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke forecasting, air pollution, forest fires, wildfires, NESDIS - National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, hazard map