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Wildfires produce a significant release of gases and particles affecting climate and air quality. In the Mediterranean region, shrublands significantly contribute to burned areas and may show specific emission profiles. Our objective was to depict and quantify the primary-…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, experimental fires, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, hydrocarbons, particulates, Spain, Europe, fire management, forest management, Mediterranean habitats, shrublands, biomass burning, Mediterranean shrubland, water soluble ions, trace elements, organic compounds, VOCs

Accurate estimates for North American background (NAB) ozone (O3) in surface air over the United States are needed for setting and implementing an attainable national O3 standard. These estimates rely on simulations with atmospheric chemistry-transport models that set North…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, ozone, pollution, fire management, smoke management, surface ozone, background ozone, air pollution, air quality, exceptional events

Land managers rely on prescribed burning and naturally ignited wildfires for ecosystem management, and must balance trade-offs of air quality, carbon storage, and ecosystem health. A current challenge for land managers when using fire for ecosystem management is managing smoke…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Mapping, Models
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: fire case histories, fire size, fuel loading, fuel models, wildfires, woody fuels, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, ozone, particulates, pollution, Washington, fire management, forest management, land management, smoke management, CONSUME, fire size, FOFEM - First Order Fire Effects Model, fuel consumption, smoke emissions, 2006 Tripod Complex Fires

Many species in fire-prone environments germinate after fire including most taxa in the genus Anigozanthos Labill. Following preliminary studies with Anigozanthos manglesii D. Don subsp. manglesii, the response of several Anigozanthos taxa to germination stimulants relating to…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, seed germination, Anigozanthos, western Australia, Australia, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, kangaroo paw, KAR1, morphophysiological dormancy, underdeveloped embryos, 2, 3-dihydroxypropanenitrile, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2, 3-c]pyran-2-one

Smoke aerosol emitted by large scale wildfires in the European part of Russia and Ukraine, was transported to Athens, Greece during August 2010 and detected at an urban background site. Measurements were conducted for physico-chemical characterization of the aged aerosol and…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, albedo, carbon, particulates, Greece, Russia, Ukraine, Europe, fire management, smoke management, wildfires event, long-range transport, aged biomass burning aerosol, chemical speciation, individual particle analysis, optical properties

In July and August 2012, a combination of dry weather and record-breaking temperatures led to an unusually intense wildfire season in Boreal Asia. Based on model results and satellite observations it is thought that a portion of the smoke output from these fires was carried…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): Northwest, International
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, remote sensing, Siberia, Russia, Asia, British Columbia, Canada, fire management, smoke management, LiDAR, aerosols, long range transport, air quality, 2012 boreal Asia fires

Bushfires occur worldwide, including regions in which winegrapes are grown. Recent research on grape and wine composition has demonstrated that wine made from smoke-affected grapes can be tainted. However, little is known about the impact of fire on grapevines, in particular the…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire injuries (plants), scorch, smoke effects, wildfires, agriculture, fruits, southern Australia, Australia, fire management, smoke management, bushfire, grapevines, guaiacol, semillon, Pinot noir, vine growth

The 2006 Esperanza Fire in Riverside County, California, was simulated with the Coupled Atmosphere-Wildland Fire Environment (CAWFE) model to examine how dynamic interactions of the atmosphere with large-scale fire spread and energy release may affect observed patterns of fire…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Intelligence, Mapping, Models, Safety, Weather
Region(s): California
Keywords: fire case histories, fire injuries (humans), fire size, fuel loading, fuel models, heat, rate of spread, wildfires, Foehn winds, remote sensing, temperature, wind, southern California, fire management, forest management, airborne remote sensing, coupled atmosphere-fire model, horizontal roll vortices, Santa Ana winds, Esperanza Fire

The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the current state of the art on research into the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from vegetation fires. Significant amounts of VOCs are emitted from vegetation fires, including several reactive…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, heat effects, wildfires, air quality, C - carbon, chemical compounds, hydrocarbons, organic soils, ozone, plant communities, remote sensing, Africa, Amazon, South America, fire management, Mediterranean habitats, savannas, biomass burning, BVOC - Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds, combustion phases, forest fires, isoprenoids, plant communities and functional types

Forest ecosystems are a sink of atmospheric mercury, trapping the metal in the canopy, and storing it in the forest floor after litter fall. Fire liberates a portion of this mercury; however, little is known about the long-term release of mercury post deforestation. We conducted…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Eastern, International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, deforestation, Hg - mercury, soils, New York, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, land use, soil management, deciduous forests, tropical forests, forest fire, soil, Hg - mercury, Amazon, Brazil, land use change

The sources and oxidation pathways of atmospheric nitric acid (HNO3) can be evaluated using the isotopic signatures of oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N). This study evaluated the ability of Nylasorb nylon filters to passively collect unbiased isotopologues of atmospheric HNO3 under…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California
Keywords: lightning caused fires, wildfires, air quality, nitrogen, oxygen, pollution, southern California, fire management, Nylasorb nylon filter, atmospheric deposition, passive sampler, nitric acid, d15N, d18O, lightning

Question: What is the impact of the fire cues smoke and ash on seed germination of important functional groups in the heathland system, namely ericads, herbs and graminoids? We predict that if germination from heathland seed banks is in part regulated by fire cues, there should…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: human caused fires, smoke effects, ash, conservation, grasses, seed dormancy, seed germination, succession, Norway, Europe, fire management, range management, heathlands, anthropogenic disturbance, conservation management, heathland ecology, seed bank, succession

From the text ... 'Atmospheric profiling using aircraft is a crucial tool in our understanding of Amazon carbon fluxes, and has the potential -- if a pan-tropical network of aircraft observations can be established -- to determine how tropical forests worldwide are responding to…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, carbon, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, droughts, deforestation, moisture, photosynthesis, Amazon, Brazil, southern Australia, fire management, forest management, tropical regions

The current research study aims at investigating the atmospheric implications of a major fire event in the Mediterranean area. For this purpose, a regional aerosol model coupled online with meteorology (COSMO-ART) is applied over Greece during late summer 2007. Fire risk model…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Hazard and Risk, Intelligence, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, carbon, remote sensing, Greece, Europe, fire management, forest management, wildfires, fire weather indices, organic carbon, elemental carbon, aerosol radiative forcing, Greece

Extreme climatic events and land-use change are known to influence strongly the current carbon cycle of Amazonia, and have the potential to cause significant global climate impacts. This review intends to evaluate the effects of both climate and anthropogenic perturbations on…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, carbon, deforestation, droughts, fragmentation, logging, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, land use, second growth forests, carbon emissions, recovery, drought, secondary forests, deforestation

Two different types of typical Brazilian forest biomass were burned in the laboratory in order to compare their combustion characteristics and pollutant emissions. Approximately 2 kg of Amazon biomass (hardwood) and 2 kg of Araucaria biomass (softwood) were burned. Gaseous…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: combustion, fire intensity, laboratory fires, air quality, biomass, carbon dioxide, gases, hardwoods, lignin, particulates, pollution, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, forest biomass, combustion, lignin content, PM2.5, gas emissions

From the introduction ... 'Announcing the release of new software packages for application in wildland fire science and management, two fields that are already fully saturated with computer technology, may seem a bit too much to many managers. However, there have been some…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Models, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: FEIS, fire intensity, fire regimes, LANDFIRE, wildfires, air quality, computer programs, fire management

Measurements of the solar ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength region 295-385 nm were carried out at the Athens basin in summer 2007 and 2008 to study the influence of the air pollution, aerosols and forest fires on the UV doses reaching the ground. For comparison reasons, a…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, ozone, radiation, Greece, Europe, fire management, urban habitats, solar ultraviolet radiation, air pollution, aerosols, forest fires, total ozone

This work presents the results of a photochemical modelling system composed of MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ on Brazilian Amazonia area, been a pioneered implementation task. These results focus on the biogenic and biomass burning emissions and the impact of these emissions on regional air…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, air quality, pollution, remote sensing, Brazil, South America, smoke management, Amazonia photochemical air quality, SMOKE emissions processing, CMAQ forecasting, Brazil, air pollution, SMOKE-CMAQ models, dispersion modelling, anthropogenic emissions, biomass burning, biogenic emissions

[From text] The second EastFIRE Conference, held at George Mason University, June 5-8, 2007, brought together researchers, land managers, and technicians to share information on remote sensing applications to wildland fires in the eastern states. Based on the session chair’s…
Person:
Year: 2009
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Planning
Region(s): Eastern, Southern
Keywords: wildfires, remote sensing

A 2005 biomass burning (wildfire, prescribed, and agricultural) emission inventory has been developed for the contiguous United States using a newly developed simplified method of combining information from multiple sources for use in the US EPA's National Emission Inventory (…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Monitoring and Inventory, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, wildfires, air quality, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, biomass burning emission inventory, datellite-based, ground-based, wildfires

This study focuses on the identification of ignition characteristics and carbon discharge resulting from combustion of surface fuels vulnerable to forest fire. Four withered surface fuels, including dead leaves and cones of Pinus densiflora, dead leaves of Quercus variabilis,…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, fuel moisture, ignition, rate of spread, surface fuels, wildfires, air quality, carbon, cones, leaves, Pinus densiflora, Japanese red pine, Korea, Asia, fire management, forest management, fuel management, carbon emissions, forest fire, Pinus densiflora

Plume rise is the height smoke plumes can reach. This information is needed by air quality models such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate physical and chemical processes of point-source fire emissions. This study seeks to understand the importance…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: air quality, particulates, pollution, Florida, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air quality, plume rise, CMAQ simulation, sensitivity analysis

Air pollution causes significant excess mortality and health effects. Action plans required by the EU legislation should optimally account for the complex interactions of population distributions, time-activity and the sources of air pollution. This paper presents FUMAPEX study…
Person:
Year: 2010
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, distribution, particulates, pollution, Finland, Europe, fire management, urban habitats, population exposure, exposure distribution, air pollution, particulate matter, PM2.5, long-range transportation, inversion, wildfire, action plan, policy, air quality, Helsinki, Finland, exposure modelling

In February and March 2000, several uncontrolled forest and grassland fires occurred in the municipalities of Campana and Zarate (100 km north of Buenos Aires, Argentina). The biomass burning emitted a large amount of smoke particulates, which caused dense fog and visibility…
Person:
Year: 2008
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, ash, air quality, particulates, Argentina, South America, fire management, forest management, forest fire, ash dispersion, backward trajectories, visibility impairment, aerosol optical thickness, AOT, HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, Buenos Aires