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A novel video-based method is proposed for long-distance wildfire smoke detection. Since the long-distance wildfire smoke usually moves slowly and lacks salient features in the video, the detection is still a challenging problem. Unlike many traditional video-based methods that…
Person:
Year: 2016
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: smoke detection, China, MSER - Maximally Stable Extremal Region, region tracking, smoke motion

The increasing trends in aerosol concentrations observed by the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network in the wilderness areas along the Gulf of Alaska during low insolation periods and in Denali National Park and Preserve (Denali NP) during…
Person:
Year: 2013
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: air quality, wilderness areas, aerosols, wildfires, IMPROVE, WRF-Chem, Denali National Park and Preserve, visibility, insolation

Extensive forest fires occurred during the summer of 2012 in Siberia. This work presents the influence of long-range atmospheric smoke on the aerosol properties at urban, suburban and background sites, which are located 400-800 km from the fire source. The higher levels of…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, aerosols, air quality, carbon, particulates, pH, Russia, Siberia, Asia, fire management, forest management, smoke management, urban habitats, Siberian wildfires, aerosol chemical composition, acidity, urban, suburban and background sites

This paper presents observational results of wind and plume thermodynamic structures measured during low-intensity subcanopy fires. In-situ meteorological data were collected during the two experiments in the Calloway Forest in North Carolina during the early spring 2010 and…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: backing fires, experimental fires, headfires, low intensity burns, smoke behavior, surface fires, air quality, overstory, temperature, wind, Aristida stricta, wiregrass, Ilex glabra, gallberry, Picoides borealis, red-cockaded woodpecker, Pinus palustris, longleaf pine, Quercus laurifolia, turkey oak, North Carolina, fire management, forest management, pine hardwood forests, canopy flow, fire-atmosphere interactions, heat flux, low-intensity fire, plume rise

Management of fire is an important and controversial policy issue. Active fire suppression has led to a backlog of fuels, limited the ecological benefits of fire, and reduced short-term smoke impacts likely delaying these emissions to future generations over a larger spatial…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Planning, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: catastrophic fires, fire case histories, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire size, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, health factors, mortality, particulates, Sierra Nevada, fire management, forest management, smoke management, smoke impacts, wildland fire, policy, public health, AQI - Air Quality Index

The Southeast Asian (SEA) haze events due to forest fires are recurrent and affect Malaysia, particularly the Kiang Valley region. The aim of this study is to examine the risk of haze days due to biomass burning in Southeast Asia on daily mortality in the Kiang Valley region…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, air quality, mortality, particulates, pollution, Malaysia, Asia, fire management, forest management, smoke management, air pollution, haze, PM10, case-crossover, mortality, Malaysia

Carbon emissions from boreal forest fires are projected to increase with continued warming and constitute a potentially significant positive feedback to climate change. The highest consistent combustion levels are reported in interior Alaska and can be highly variable depending…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Fuels, Intelligence
Region(s): Alaska
Keywords: crown fires, fire size, fuel loading, fuel moisture, wildfires, air quality, albedo, carbon, remote sensing, soil organic matter, Picea glauca, white spruce, Picea mariana, black spruce, Populus, aspen, fire management, forest management, boreal forests, coniferous forests, boreal forest, atmospheric CO2, climate feedbacks, Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio

Fire frequency for below historic norms is threatening eastern oak ecosystem integrity. Increasingly, private family forest landowners are interested in using prescribed fire as a tool for maintaining oak dominance and associated wildlife habitat and wildfire protection. The…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire, Hazard and Risk
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: fire frequency, prescribed fires (escaped), smoke effects, air quality, private lands, Quercus, oak, Illinois, fire management, land management, range management, wildlife habitat management, hardwood forests, rangelands, community forestry, land management, family forest, Quercus

Enhancement of biomass burning-related research is essential for the assessment of large-scale wildfires impact on pollution at regional and global scale. Starting since 6 August 2010 Moscow was covered with thick smoke of unusually high PM10 and BC concentrations, considerably…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire size, peat fires, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, carbon, Russia, Europe, fire management, forest management, smoke management, smoke event, biomass burning, physico-chemical characterization, aerosol ehemistry, multicomponent smoke structure

Evaluating the influence of observed daily weather on observed fire-related effects (e.g. smoke production, carbon emissions and burn severity) often involves knowing exactly what day any given area has burned. As such, several studies have used fire progression maps - in which…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Mapping, Weather
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest
Keywords: fire intensity, smoke effects, wildfires, carbon, remote sensing, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Washington, fire management, forest management, fire progression maps, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, spatial interpolation, fire progression, satellite

Fuel consumption specifies the amount of vegetative biomass consumed during wildland fire. It is a two-stage process of pyrolysis and combustion that occurs simultaneously and at different rates depending on the characteristics and condition of the fuel, weather, topography, and…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fuels, Models, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: combustion, fuel models, wildfires, air quality, carbon, fire management, fuel management, fuel consumption, wildland fire emissions, carbon emissions

From the text ... 'We carried out a univariate correlation analysis between the number of focus of bushfires and dengue cases in four Brazilian states for the period from 2000 to 2009. These states are responsible for 50% of the total number of focus of bushfires in Brazil in…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, diseases, insects, Brazil, South America, fire management

Biomass burning emits large amounts of aerosol particles globally, influencing human health and climate, but the number and size of the particles is highly variable depending on fuel type, burning and meteorological conditions, and secondary reactions in the atmosphere. Ambient…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): California
Keywords: BBA - biomass burning aerosol, fire size, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, southern California, fire management, smoke management

Mercury stored in forests can be volatilized to the atmosphere during fires. Many factors influence this process such as mercury concentration, vegetation loading and the soil temperature reached during the fire. We quantified mercury emissions from biomass and soil during a…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, Hg - mercury, soil temperature, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, soil management, rainforests, forest fire, mercury emissions, Amazon

Fire emissions associated with tropical land use change and maintenance influence atmospheric composition, air quality, and climate. In this study, we explore the effects of representing fire emissions at daily versus monthly resolution in a global composition-climate model. We…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire intensity, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, remote sensing, Asia, Africa, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, tropical forests, tropical regions, atmospheric modeling, air quality

Wildfires are an important component of the terrestrial carbon cycle and one of the main pathways for movement of carbon from the land surface to the atmosphere. Fires have received much attention in recent years as potential catalysts for shifting landscapes from carbon sinks…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, carbon, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, carbon, forest ecology, management, resilience

Increasing wildfire activity in recent decades, partially related to extended droughts, along with concern over potential impacts of future climate change on fire activity has resulted in increased attention on fire-climate interactions. Findings from studies published in recent…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, carbon, fire management, smoke management, wildfire, emission, radiative forcing, feedback to climate, future fire projection

Fires in croplands, plantations, and rangelands contribute significantly to fire emissions in the United States, yet are often overshadowed by wildland fires in efforts to develop inventories or estimate responses to climate change. Here we quantified decadal trends, interannual…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence, Prescribed Fire, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: cropland fires, fire regimes, wildfires, air quality, climate change, plantations, remote sensing, fire management, range management, croplands, rangelands, agriculture, air quality, carbon cycle, wildfire, aerosols

Biomass burning emissions from intensive wildfires in eastern Europe were observed in Finland in the spring of 2006 and in the late of summers 2006 and 2010. The smoke plumes were detected at three ground-measurement stations around Finland and in the lower troposphere after…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, albedo, carbon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ozone, particulates, remote sensing, Finland, Europe, fire management, smoke management

Emissions from wildland fire are both highly variable and highly uncertain over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. Wildland fire emissions change considerably due to fluctuations from year to year with overall fire season severity, from season to season as different…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, carbon, greenhouse gases, fire management, smoke management, emissions inventories, greenhouse gases

In many countries, prescribed or planned burning is increasingly used as a management strategy to reduce the risk and negative effects of wildfires. As a by-product of this practice, ash, charcoal and partially charred material (referred to here as pyrogenic carbon, PC) is…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES, TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, ash, C - carbon, char, charcoal, N - nitrogen, particulates, soil organic matter, New South Wales, Australia, fire management, forest management, sclerophyll forests, nitrogen, priming effect, soil organic content, wildfire, particle size, SOC - soil organic carbon

This paper provides an overview and summary of the current state of knowledge regarding critical atmospheric processes that affect the distribution and concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols emitted from wildland fires or produced through subsequent chemical reactions…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, carbon, fire management, smoke management, wildland fire, plume rise, atmospheric transport, atmospheric chemistry

Biomass burning is a major source of greenhouse gases, aerosols, black carbon, and atmospheric pollutants that affects regional and global climate and air quality. The spatial and temporal extent of fires and the size of burned areas are critical parameters in the estimation of…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, fire size, wildfires, air quality, carbon, remote sensing, fire management, forest management, biomass burning, burned area, MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MTBS - Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity

Feedbacks between land carbon pools and climate provide one of the largest sources of uncertainty in our predictions of global climate. Estimates of the sensitivity of the terrestrial carbon budget to climate anomalies in the tropics and the identification of the mechanisms…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, biomass, carbon, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, droughts, statistical analysis, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, rainforests, tropical forests

Air quality forecasts generated with chemical transport models can provide valuable information about the potential impacts of fires on pollutant levels. However, significant uncertainties are associated with fire-related emission estimates as well as their distribution on…
Person:
Year: 2014
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Models, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: wildfires, air quality, particulates, Georgia, fire management, smoke management, urban habitats, CMAQ - Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, air quality, PM2.5, sensitivity analysis