Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 3951 - 3975 of 5836
This study investigated occupational exposure to wood and vegetative smoke in a group of 28 forest firefighters at prescribed forest burns in a southeastern U.S. Forest during the winters of 2003-2005. During burn activities, 203 individual person-day PM2.5 and 149 individual…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Prevention, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire, Safety
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: fire hazard reduction, fire suppression, firefighting personnel, wildfires, air quality, CO - carbon monoxide, health factors, hydrocarbons, particulates, Georgia, fire management, forest management, pine hardwood forests, exposure, firefighters, particulate matter, wildland, woodsmoke
We present Daysmoke, an empirical-statistical plume rise and dispersion model for simulating smoke from prescribed burns. Prescribed fires are characterized by complex plume structure including multiple-core updrafts which makes modeling with simple plume models difficult.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Models, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: smoke behavior, air quality, military lands, particulates, Georgia, fire management, smoke management, plume model, air quality
Compositional transformation of South African semiarid grasslands and savannas owing to changes in soil nutrient status and fire-linked attributes is often reported. However, mechanisms of change are not fully understood. Currently, plant-derived smoke has attracted much…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, smoke effects, competition, grasses, nitrogen, nutrients, phosphorus, plant growth, K - potassium, seed germination, seedlings, soil nutrients, statistical analysis, water, Eragrostis curvula, weeping lovegrass, Panicum maximum, guinea grass, Poaceae, Themeda triandra, red grass, South Africa, Africa, fire management, range management, smoke management, arid regions, grasslands, savannas, competition, growth, nutrients, Poaceae, smoke constituents
Soil seed banks are an important source of new individuals for many plant populations and contribute to future genetic variability. In general, the size and persistence of soil seed banks is predicted to be greater where growth occurs in unpredictable pulses, where opportunities…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, disturbance, grasses, national parks, precipitation, seed dormancy, seed germination, statistical analysis, Tanzania, Africa, fire management, forest management, savannas
This study focused on structural analysis of ground carbon storage following fires in light conifer stands of the Lower Angara region (Siberia, Russia). Experimental fires of varying frontal intensity were conducted at Scots pine and mixed larch forests of southern taiga.…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire size, wildfires, biomass, carbon, Larix sibirica , larch, Pinus sylvestris, Scots pine, Russia, Asia, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, light conifer stands, carbon storage, biomass consumption, carbon emissions, forest type, depth of burn
Conventional wisdom within American federal fire management agencies suggests that external influence such as community or political pressure for aggressive suppression are key factors circumscribing the ability to execute less aggressive fire management strategies. Thus, a…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Prevention, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Outreach, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Restoration and Rehabilitation
Region(s): California, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: fire case histories, fire control, fire damage (property), fire hazard reduction, fire injuries (plants), fire size, fire suppression, fuel accumulation, smoke effects, wildfires, education, insects, mortality, public information, Wyoming, fire management, forest management, land management, fire management, political pressure, community pressure, wildlife costs, fire suppression, wildfire policy
A series of wildfires broke out in Western Russia starting in late July of 2010. Harmful particulates and gases released into the local Russian atmosphere have been reported, as have possible negative consequences for the global atmosphere. In this study, an extremely hazy area…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire History, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire damage (property), wildfires, air quality, carbon, gases, ozone, particulates, remote sensing, Russia, Asia, Europe, fire management
At the end of August 2009, wild fires ravaged the north-eastern fringes of Athens destroying invaluable forest wealth of the Greek capital. In this work, the impact of these fires on the air quality of Athens and surface radiation levels is examined. Satellite imagery, smoke…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire case histories, fire frequency, wildfires, aerosols, air quality, particulates, pollution, radiation, remote sensing, Greece, Europe, fire management, smoke management, pollution, biomass burning, aerosol, photochemistry, radiation
Biomass samples representing Amazon forest native species were burned in laboratory experiments. These species were obtained in the deforestation arc, near the town of Alta Floresta, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Moisture content values obtained for twigs and pieces of sticks…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, experimental fires, CO2 - carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, deforestation, hydrocarbons, moisture, particulates, Amazon, Brazil, South America, fire management, forest management, smoke management, biomass burning, emission factors, Amazon forest, experimental fires, NOx, hydrocarbons
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants includes in its aims the minimisation of unintentional releases of polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) and dioxin like PCB (dl-PCB) to the environment. Development and implementation of policies…
Person:
Year: 2012
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, wildfires, air quality, ash, pollution, toxicity, fire management, forest management, smoke management, croplands, PCDD - polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF - polychlorinated dibenzofurans, persistent organic pollutants, sugarcane burning, forest fires, biomass burning
Austrostipa compressa, a native ephemeral of southwest Western Australia was stimulated to germinate under a range of temperatures, in the presence of light, and exposure to smoke-water. This combination of environmental cues results in winter-maximum germination in immediate…
Person:
Year: 1999
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: fire frequency, fire intensity, heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, disturbance, grasses, introduced species, light, population density, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, soil temperature, temperature, Ehrharta, Poaceae, western Australia, Australia, fire management, forest management, soil management, Mediterranean habitats, disturbance, heat shock, light, reserve management, soil seed bank, temperature
The chemical composition and size of individual particles derived from combustion products of several species found in Southern California were obtained using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The major inorganic species observed in >90% of all biomass burning…
Person:
Year: 1999
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California
Keywords: biomass burning, smoke effects, aerosols, air quality, chemical compounds, particulates, K - potassium, southern California, fire management, smoke management, chaparral
The role played by the seed coat in seed dormancy of Grevillea linearifolia (Cav.) Druce and G. wilsonii (A. Cunn.) was tested by a series of manipulations in which the seed coat was dissected and removed, dissected and returned to the decoated seed, or dissected, removed and…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, seed dormancy, seed germination, seeds, water uptake, Grevillea, western Australia, Australia, Grevillea linearifolia, Grevillea wilsonii, dormancy, seed coat dormancy, seed coat permeability, heat shock, germination
The germination requirements of a broad spectrum of common species found in grassy woodlands and forests in the New England region of northern New South Wales were tested in a series of replicated growth-cabinet experiments. The effects of dark/diurnal light and smoke/no smoke…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, herbaceous vegetation, light, seed germination, transpiration, New South Wales, Australia, forest management
We assessed the impact of forest fire on the nesting success of the endemic Red-knobbed Hornbill Aceros cassidix in north Sulawesi, Indonesia. Pre- and post-fire breeding activity was monitored at 60 nest trees. Low rainfall and possible reductions in fruit abundance did not…
Person:
Year: 2000
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire Effects, Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, wildfires, habits and behavior, nesting, nongame birds, population density, reproduction, Indonesia, fire management, wildlife habitat management, Indonesia, wildfires, nesting, habits and behavior, nongame birds
In many fire-prone ecosystems, seed germination is triggered by heat shock, smoke, ash and charred wood. However, few studies concerning the effect of these fire products on the germination of tropical and subtropical species exist. We assessed the effect of fire products and…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: heat effects, smoke effects, ash, char, seed germination, Mexico, fire management, forest management, montane forests, pine hardwood forests, heat shock, smoke water, pine-oak mixed forest
We estimated forest area and carbon changes in the conterminous United States using a remote sensing based land cover change map, forest fire data from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program, and forest growth and harvest data from the USDA Forest Service, Forest…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Fire History, Emissions and Smoke, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fire intensity, wildfires, air quality, carbon, cover, FIA, forest products, greenhouse gases, remote sensing, snags, ecosystem dynamics, fire management, forest management, carbon in harvested wood, forest area, harvest, greenhouse gas inventory, land cover change, wildfire emissions
The MOPITT (Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere) CO measurements over a 10-year period (2000-2009) reveal consistently positive trends on the order of 0.13-0.19 x 1016 mol cm-2 per month in CO total column concentrations over the entire globe and the hemispheres. Two…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, air quality, carbon dioxide, CO - carbon monoxide, ENSO - El Nino Southern Oscillation, hydrocarbons, CH4 - methane, fire management, MOPITT CO
The ratios of observed organic carbon (OC) to elemental carbon (EC) from the rural sites of the IMPROVE network are analyzed for the 5-year period from 2000 to 2004. Among these years, nationwide OC/EC peaks are observed most consistently in the summer of 2002. Several potential…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire History, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: biomass burning, season of fire, aerosols, air quality, carbon, particulates, fire management, OC, EC ratio, SUMMER BURNING, SOA, model evaluation
We examine the impacts of aerosols on regional meteorology due to intense Siberian forest fires occurred in May 2003 using both reanalysis data and global model simulations. Our analysis of the NCEP-DOE reanalysis data shows 99% statistical significant changes in meteorological…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Models, Weather
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, wildfires, aerosols, Korea, Siberia, Asia, fire management, forest fire aerosols, regional meteorology, climate model, chemistry-transport model
Agricultural residue burning is one of the major causes of greenhouse gas emissions and aerosols in the lndo-Ganges region. In this study, we characterize the fire intensity, seasonality, variability, fire radiative energy (FRE) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) variations during…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Intelligence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, cropland fires, fire frequency, fire intensity, fire size, season of fire, aerosols, agriculture, air quality, greenhouse gases, pollution, radiation, remote sensing, India, Asia, fire management, forest management, croplands, FRE - Fire Radiative Energy, agricultural residues, biomass burning, aerosol optical depth variations
Agricultural burning is an important land use practice in the central U.S. But has received little attention in the literature, whereas most of the focus has been on wildfires in forested areas. Given the effects that agricultural burning can have on biodiversity and emissions…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Effects, Mapping, Planning, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Eastern, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountain
Keywords: cropland fires, fire danger rating, season of fire, agriculture, air quality, Kansas, Minnesota, North Dakota, fire management, land management, agricultural burning, active fires, biodiversity, patterns of fire detections, cloud cover, local spatial analysis, fire detections
Introduction: Environmental contaminants are groups of unwanted, ubiquitous chemicals, found in food via weathering of the earth's crust, combustion (natural or anthropogenic), industrial uses or as unwanted bi-products of manufacturing processes. Evidence suggests that the…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Aquatic, Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: fire frequency, wildfires, agriculture, chemical compounds, chemical elements, diseases, disturbance, climate change, health factors, hydrocarbons, toxicity, water, water quality, fire management, land management, environmental contaminants, food, forest fires, human exposure, mercury methylation, water re-use
Euro-American logging practices, intensive grazing, and fire suppression have increased the amount of carbon that is stored in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. Ex Laws) forests in the southwestern United States. Current stand conditions leave these forests prone to high-…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fuels, Hazard and Risk, Prescribed Fire
Region(s): Southwest
Keywords: fire frequency, fire hazard reduction, surface fires, wildfires, carbon, national forests, thinning, Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine, Arizona, fire management, forest management, coniferous forests, fire risk reduction, silviculture, FVS - Forest Vegetation Simulator
Fire in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) is not as rare as once believed. Andean TMCFs sit immediately below highly flammable, high-altitude grasslands (Puna/Paramo) that suffer from recurrent anthropogenic fire. This treeline is a zone of climatic tension where…
Person:
Year: 2011
Type: Document
Source: TTRS
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): International
Keywords: biomass burning, fire frequency, firebreaks, flammability, ground fires, human caused fires, rate of spread, wildfires, air quality, carbon, deforestation, national parks, peat, resprouting, roots, snags, soil organic matter, soils, Peru, South America, fire management, forest management, soil management, grasslands, montane forests, peatlands, tropical forests, biomass burning emissions, resprouting, montane cloud forests, Andes, peat soil, REDD+