Type
Topic
Region
Year
Displaying 3826 - 3850 of 5834
Carbon (C) emissions from wildfires are a key terrestrial–atmosphere interaction that influences global atmospheric composition and climate. Positive feedbacks between climate warming and boreal wildfires are predicted based on top-down controls of fire weather and climate, but…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects, Fuels, Models, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, International
Keywords: boreal forest, Canada, fire severity, fuel availability, C - carbon, carbon emissions, biogeochemistry, forest ecology, ecosystem ecology, carbon pools, SEM - structural equation modeling
This landowner smoke management guidebook was created through a collaboration between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), North Carolina State University, Southern Fire Exchange, Southern Regional Extension Forestry (SREF), and the University of Georgia Warnell School of…
Person:
Year: 2020
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fuels, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Regulations and Legislation, Restoration and Rehabilitation, Safety, Weather
Region(s): Southern
Keywords: smoke management, air quality, public health, PM - particulate matter, smoke dispersion, fuel load, O3 - ozone, liability, mitigation
Effective strategies to reduce indoor air pollutant concentrations during wildfire smoke events are critically needed. Worldwide, communities in areas prone to wildfires may suffer from annual smoke exposure events lasting from days to weeks. In addition, there are many areas of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: air quality, wildland fire, HVAC, wildfire, indoor air quality, indoor air filtration, portable air purifier, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, health effects
The strong radiative effects of fire aerosols have been well accepted in the climate community. However, there have been few studies on the aerosol effects at a monthly to subseasonal range. We used the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis datasets and…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: Amazon forest fires, aerosols, La Nina, subseasonal, circulation anomalies, wavetrain, sea surface temperature anomaly
Here we present the results of satellite monitoring of wildfires in Australia for the period of 2001–2020. Annual and monthly dynamics of wildfire areas and CO and CO2 carbon-bearing trace gas emissions from wildfires have been analyzed for the whole territory of Australia based…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): International
Keywords: satellite monitoring, remote sensing, anomalous wildfires, Australia, CO - carbon monoxide, CO2 - carbon dioxide, AIRS - atmospheric infrared sounder, drought, trace gas emissions, temperature anomalies
Wildland fires (WLF) have become more frequent, larger, and severe with greater impacts to society and ecosystems and dramatic increases in firefighting costs. Forests throughout the range of ponderosa pine in Oregon and Washington are jeopardized by the interaction of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Planning, Prescribed Fire, Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI)
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: wildland fire, Oregon, Washington, ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa, resistance, resilience, drought
Amazon rainforest fires have significant environmental and societal impacts, but the mechanism and impact of the fires on the regional and global carbon cycles have not been fully understood. Over the rainforest, less precipitation, higher surface temperature, and enhanced mid‐…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: CO2 - carbon dioxide, Amazon, carbon cycle
Uncertainty in pre‐industrial aerosol emissions, including fires, is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in estimating anthropogenic radiative forcing. Here we quantify the range in aerosol forcing associated with uncertainty in the location and magnitude of pre‐industrial…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: fires, aerosol radiative forcing, pre-industrial aerosol, regional aerosol impacts
Epidemiological studies frequently use black carbon (BC) as a proxy for traffic‐related air pollution (TRAP). However, wildfire smoke (WFS) represents an important source of BC not often considered when using BC as a proxy for TRAP. Here we examined the potential for WFS to bias…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: black carbon, health effects, public health, wildfires, Colorado, air pollution
Air pollution, particularly fine and ultrafine particulate matter aerosols, underlies a wide range of communicable and non-communicable disease affecting many systems including the cardiopulmonary and immune systems, and arises primarily from transportation and industry. A…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: COVID-19, air pollution, cardiopulmonary, disease, wildfire, PM - particulate matter, infectious disease, smoke exposure
Attribution studies have identified a robust anthropogenic fingerprint in increased 21st century wildfire risk. However, the risks associated with individual aspects of anthropogenic aerosol and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, biomass burning and land use/land cover change…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Climate, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Behavior, Hazard and Risk, Weather
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: extreme fire weather, atmospheric science, attribution, climate change, climate change impacts, greenhouse gas, aerosol, anthropogenic change
The Thomas Fire began on December 4th, 2017 and burned 281,893 acres over a 40‐day period in Ventura and Santa Barbara Counties, making it one of California’s most destructive wildfires to date. A major rainstorm then caused a flash flood event, which led to the containment of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Aquatic, Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): California
Keywords: Thomas Fire, wildfires, flash flood, Santa Barbara Basin, Ventura River, black carbon, trace metals, ash
We estimated cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality associated with wildfire smoke (WFS) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Front Range of Colorado from 2010 - 2015. To estimate WFS PM2.5, we developed a daily kriged PM2.5 surface at a 15km X 15km resolution based on the…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Rocky Mountain
Keywords: Colorado, morbidity, mortality, wildfires, long range transport, epidemiology, health effects, PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, public health
Exposure to wildfire smoke continues to be a growing threat to public health, yet the chemical components in wildfire smoke that primarily drive toxicity and associated disease are largely unknown. This study utilized a suite of computational approaches to identify groups of…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models, Safety
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: air pollution, biomass burning, complex mixtures, computational toxicology, pulmonary effects, mixtures toxicology, public health, toxicity, smoke exposure
Air pollution associated with wildfire smoke transport during the summer can significantly affect ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM) concentrations, even in heavily populated areas like New York City (NYC). Here, we use observations from aircraft, ground-based lidar, in-situ…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): Eastern
Keywords: wildfire smoke, O3 - ozone, PM2.5, PM - particulate matter, black carbon, organic carbon, optical properties, New York, air quality, smoke transport
Biomass burning from wildfires is a significant global source of aerosol and trace gases which impact air quality, tropospheric and stratospheric composition, and climate. During the summer of 2019, wildfire activity in central and eastern Siberia occurred during the Fire…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Siberia, Canada, biomass burning, air quality, tropospheric composition, chemical transport model, O3 - ozone, aerosol, trace gases, Alberta
Wildfires have frequently occurred in the western United States (US) during the summer and fall seasons in recent years. This study measures the PM2.5 infiltration factor in seven residences recruited from five dense communities in Seattle, Washington, during a 2020 wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Fire Occurrence
Region(s): Northwest
Keywords: PM - particulate matter, PM2.5, wildfire, wood smoke, portable air cleaners, indoor air quality, Seattle, infiltration
Lake Baikal is the biggest reservoir of fresh water with unique flora and fauna; presently it is negatively affected by climate change, water warming, industrial emissions, shipping, touristic activities, and Siberian forest fires. The assessment of air pollution - related…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Ecology, Fire Effects
Region(s): International
Keywords: environmental impacts, aerosol, pollution, ecosystem, industrial emissions, wildfires, coal, combustion, shipping, Baikal region, PM - particulate matter, PM10
Smoke from wildland fire presents a serious and growing concern. Mirroring global trends in recent decades, many areas of the US are experiencing increasing wildfire size, severity, and frequency. The health hazard of smoke from wildland fire has been well-documented (see…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Communications, Economics, Emissions and Smoke, Prescribed Fire, Social Science
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, National
Keywords: public perceptions, wildfire, managed fire, public tolerance of smoke, literature review, public health, manager perceptions, NWFSC - Northwest Fire Science Consortium
Wildland fires can emit substantial amounts of air pollution that may pose a risk to those in proximity (e.g., first responders, nearby residents) as well as downwind populations. Quickly deploying air pollution measurement capabilities in response to incidents has been limited…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory
Region(s): Alaska, California, Eastern, Great Basin, Hawaii, Northern Rockies, Northwest, Rocky Mountain, Southern, Southwest, International, National
Keywords: wildland fire, wildfire, sensors, performance, PM - particulate matter, CO - carbon monoxide, CO2 - carbon dioxide, O3 - ozone, air pollution, EPA - Environmental Protection Agency
Background
In California, state prison inmates are employed to fight wildfires, which involves performing soil‐disrupting work. Wildfires have become more common, including areas where Coccidioides, the soil‐dwelling fungus that causes coccidioidomycosis, proliferates. However,…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Safety
Region(s): California
Keywords: Coccidioides, coccidioidomycosis, inmate crew, firefighters, wildfires, respirator, public health
Rationale
The effects of wildfire smoke inhalation on the immune system are unknown. We hypothesized that wildfire smoke exposure activates an innate immune response.
Methods
Healthy subjects were recruited during the time of smoke exposure [WF; n=7] and 3-6 months post-wildfire…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke
Region(s): California
Keywords: human health, immune function, smoke exposure, dendritic cell
This paper presents model results for the dispersion of radionuclides released into the atmosphere by intense forest fires in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in April 2020. The 137Cs activity concentration in the surface air is calculated on a regional scale (in Ukraine) and a…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects, Models
Region(s): International
Keywords: Chernobyl, wildland fire, radionuclides, atmospheric transport, satellite monitoring, Ukraine
Background and purpose: We describe a novel, interprofessional, experiential training involving pharmacy students in response to a health emergency in rural Montana (MT).
Educational activity and setting: Fourth-year pharmacy students on clinical rotations were recruited to…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Effects
Region(s): Northern Rockies
Keywords: Montana, interprofessional, wildfires, health screening
Wildfires can have rapid and long-term effects on air quality, human health, climate change, and the environment. Smoke from large wildfires can travel long distances and have a harmful effect on human health, the environment, and climate in other areas. More recently, in 2018–…
Person:
Year: 2021
Type: Document
Source: FRAMES
Topic(s): Emissions and Smoke, Fire Occurrence, Mapping, Monitoring and Inventory, Weather
Region(s): California, Great Basin, Northwest, International
Keywords: air pollution, CALIPSO, Sentinel-5P, biomass burning, black carbon, Brazil, Australia