The Terms of Reference outlined an analysis of the Fire Management Program for the Forests National Corporation (FNC). The Project Area and adjoining lands were highlighted. However, in order to provide helpful advice, the fire programs in the Darfur and Kordofan Sectors were also evaluated. Statistical data was not readily available, but a questionnaire collected sufficient information to evaluate the level of activity and the causes of the fires. Fire in not a problem in the FNC irrigated forests or those forests located on the banks of the Blue and White Nile. Fire is a concern throughout the rainfed natural forests including the gum Arabic zone. Fires reduce the production of gum Arabic and kill or damage the trees. Acacia seyal is more fire resistant and replaces A. senegal in fire prone areas. Fires originating on range and pasture lands are the greatest threat to the environment and to the adjacent Forest Reserves. The information we gathered estimates the area burned at over 4.7 million Feddans (fd=1.038 acres or 0.421 hectares) per year. It may actually be 2 to 5 times higher than this since data was not collected from some states and in other instances only known recorded fires were reported. Satellite imagery indicates that 55 % of the area of the El Radoom National Park burns annually. The Jebel Marra area is the most challenging fire area. The foresters and the local villagers are experienced and effective fire management people. With training, these people can support the other foresters and range managers in the Sudan. Forest managers are doing their best without sufficient training and basic fire tools to provide for personal safety. Responsibility for fire suppression has been clearly assigned to the FNC for Forest Reserves. Fires set by farmers or nomads burn unchallenged in most of the natural rangelands of Sudan. The rangeland seems to be everyone's property and therefore no one's responsibility. The Range and Pasture Administration (RPA) is only able to build a limited number of firebreaks. The future of the fire protection of the range and forest lands of the Sudan will require lengthy and persistent interest and leadership. It may take a few decades to put a nation-wide Systematic Fire Management Program into operation. Advisors with fire and organizational management skills can assist in evaluating progress and encouraging the Sudanese leadership. The end result must be one that will work in the practical world of the Sudan.