Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in western North America are in need of restoration due to the impacts of fire suppression. The effects of different restorative treatments on avian species should be determined before these treatments are widely applied. Of the common resident passerines in ponderosa pine forests, three species are nuthatches (Sitta). These nuthatches have similar ecological niches to each other but different life history traits. The objectives of this research were to determine differences among treatments in: abundance and foraging behavior of Pygmy (Sitta pygmaea), White-breasted (S. carolinensis), and Red-breasted (S. canadensis) Nuthatches, and daily nest success of Pygmy and Red-breasted Nuthatches. Structural characteristics of trees used for foraging and nesting were also documented. Thinning ('thin'), prescribed burning ('burn'), thinning followed by burning ('thin and burn') and 'control' areas were used. Pygmy Nuthatches were observed more often in 'thin and burn' areas than in 'thin' or 'burn' areas. Whitebreasted Nuthatches were encountered more often in 'thin and burn' units than 'control' units. The abundance of each species of nuthatch in treatment areas did not seem to be dictated by tree structural characteristics alone. Red-breasted Nuthatches spent more time foraging on trees in 'thin and burn' areas than in 'thin' or 'control' areas, but this difference was not due to tree structure. Red-breasted Nuthatches foraged upon Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) more than it was randomly available, and used trees for foraging that were larger and had less live crown than trees not used. White-breasted Nuthatches foraged on trees that were larger and had less live crown than average. Pygmy Nuthatches were more likely to forage on trees that were large in diameter. Models using structure and microhabitat of nest trees performed poorly at predicting the success of nests of Pygmy and Red-breasted Nuthatches. The number of nests of Red-breasted Nuthatches was different among treatments, with fewer nests within 'thin and burn' treatments than expected. The number of snags available for nesting was also different among treatment types, with 'burn' units having more and 'thin and burn' units having fewer snags than expected. More snags surrounded nest trees of Red-breasted Nuthatches, and snags used for nests had less canopy cover than snags not used. Snags used for nesting by Pygmy Nuthatches were larger in diameter than snags that were not used. The restorative treatment that combined thinning and burning appeared to improve habitat suitability for both White-breasted and Pygmy Nuthatches, while Red-breasted Nuthatches appear to be resilient to treatment type.