Parnassia caroliniana Michx. is a rare forb of wet longleaf pine flatwoods and savannas from North Carolina to Florida. In this study, we attempted to start a new population of this rare species in the Francis Marion National Forest north of Charleston, South Carolina. The method involved collecting seeds from wild plants, germinating the seeds, growing seedlings in an outdoor nursery, and out planting seedlings into the field site. Seed germination conditions were varied experimentally to test for effects of these factors on germination. Overall seed germination was 23.6% out of a total sample size of 3.990. Density and spacing treatments had little effect, but seeds covered with a thin layer of soil had significantly higher germination rates than uncovered seeds (34% vs. 20%). Most seedlings emerged in February and March. Earlier emerging seedlings had higher initial mortality, but superior long-term survival. After one growing season in the nursery, 395 seedlings were outplanted in November 1995 into eight subplots in savanna microhabitats within long-term experimental fire treatment plots which had been burned within the previous year. Eighty five percent of out planted seedlings re-emerged the following spring, and 92% of these survived their first growing season in the field. All subpopulations increased greatly in leaf numbers and surface area during the 1996 growing season (percentage increases ranged from 80% to 590%). One fire treatment plot, containing 88 plants, was burned in early spring 1997. Two weeks after this fire, 82% of these plants had resprouted. It appears that our new population of Parnassia caroliniana is off to a promising beginning.