From the text (p.293) ... 'This volume synthesizes scientific information about interactions between fire and nonnative invasive plant in wildlands of the united States. If the subject were clear and simple, this volume would be short; obviously, it is not. Relationships between fire and nonnative species are variable and difficult to interpret for many reasons:• Fire and invasions are both inherently complex, responding to site and climate factors and the condition of the plant community. In addition, the nationwide scope of this volume incorporates great variation across ecosystems, climates, and regions.• Fire effects and invasions interact with other ecosystem processes and land use history and patterns, and these interactions and effects can vary over time.• Research tends to focus on highly successful invasions even though comparisons to failed or marginally successful invasions could be instructive (Beyers and others 2002).• To date, research on fire and nonnative invasives has been limited, with few studies covering more than 1 year after fire (chapter 12).The complexity of this subject makes it difficult to identify trends and implications for management. In this chapter we summarize the patterns (and lack of patterns) currently demonstrated by research regarding fire effects on nonnatives and the use of prescribed fire to reduce invasions, and we suggest some management implications. We also present some of today's burning questions about relationships between plant invasions and fire. Background for the assertions in this chapter can be found in Parts I and III of this volume. Readers interested in specific regional problems and issues should refer to Part II.'