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Type: Conference Paper
Author(s): Martin E. Alexander; Miguel G. Cruz; A. M.G. Lopes
Editor(s): Domingos Xavier Viegas
Publication Date: 2006

CFIS -- which stands for Crown Fire Initiation and Spread -- is a software tool or system incorporating several recently developed models designed to simulate crown fire behavior. The main outputs of CFIS are: (1) the likelihood of crown fire initiation or occurrence; (2) the type of crown fire (active vs. passive) and its rate of spread; and (3) the minimum spotting distance required to increase a fire's overall forward rate of spread. The onset of crowning can be predicted through two distinct approaches. One approach relies on the knowledge of canopy base height and certain components of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System and/or the 10-m open wind speed. The other approach requires the 10-m open wind, the estimated fine fuel moisture, fuel strata gap (or canopy base height), and an estimate of surface fuel consumption as inputs. Required inputs to predict crown fire rate of spread are 10-m open wind speed, estimated fine fuel moisture, and canopy bulk density. The minimum spotting distance to affect overall crown fire rate of spread, which assumes a point ignition and subsequent fire acceleration to an equilibrium rate of spread, requires the predicted crown fire spread rate and an ignition delay as inputs. The primary models incorporated into CFIS have been evaluated against experimental and wild fire observations with good results. CFIS has applicability as a decision support aid in a wide variety of fire management activities ranging from near-real time prediction of fire behavior to analyzing the impacts of fuel treatments on potential crown fire behavior.The core models underlying the CFIS are documented in Alexander and Cruz (in press), Cruz et al. (2003), Cruz et al. (2004), Cruz et al (2005).

Citation: Alexander, M. E., M. G. Cruz, and A. M. G. Lopes. 2006. A software tool for simulating crown fire initiation and spread, in Viegas, D. X., Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Forest Fire Research. Figueira da Foz, Portugal. Elsevier B.V.,Amsterdam, The Netherlands. p. CD-ROM,

Cataloging Information

Topics:
Fire Behavior    Fire Ecology    Fuels    Models    Weather
Regions:
Alaska    California    Eastern    Great Basin    Hawaii    Northern Rockies    Northwest    Rocky Mountain    Southern    Southwest    International    National
Keywords:
  • Canada
  • computer programs
  • coniferous forests
  • crown fire behavior
  • crown fire occurrence
  • crown fires
  • crowning
  • crowns
  • fire behavior prediction
  • fire danger rating
  • fire frequency
  • fire intensity
  • fire management
  • fuel moisture
  • fuel types
  • FWI - Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System
  • ignition
  • moisture
  • rate of fire spread
  • rate of spread
  • spot fires
  • spotting
  • statistical analysis
  • surface fires
  • wildfires
  • wind
Tall Timbers Record Number: 21897Location Status: In-fileCall Number: Fire FileAbstract Status: Fair use, Okay, Reproduced by permission
Record Last Modified:
Record Maintained By: FRAMES Staff (https://www.frames.gov/contact)
FRAMES Record Number: 46217

This bibliographic record was either created or modified by Tall Timbers and is provided without charge to promote research and education in Fire Ecology. The E.V. Komarek Fire Ecology Database is the intellectual property of Tall Timbers.