Between 1980 and 1990, one of three operational techniques for controlling woody, nonpine competition was applied in each of three uneven-aged stands of loblolly and shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda L. and P. echinata Mill.). In one 12 ha stand, hardwoods >2.5 cm in dbh were stem-injected with Tordon® 101R during 1981. This stand was used as a check for comparing results from prescribed burning and broadcast herbicides. In a second 6 ha stand, prescribed winter burns were conducted in 1985, 1987, and 1989; hardwoods ù.25 cm in dbh were stem-injected with Tordon 101R during 1986. On a third area containing 30 ha, Velpar® L herbicide was dispersed from spotguns in a grid pattern during 1986, and Arsenal® AC herbicide was applied as a broadcast spray in 1989. In 1991, quadrat stocking of pine seedlings was 91% where broadcast herbicides were used, 35% with biennial prescribed burns, and 13% where no competition was controlled for 10 years. Prescribed burning and the use of broadcast herbicides resulted in from 4 to 60 times more stems of pine regeneration, respectively, compared to the check area, which averaged 692 stems ha-1 in 1991. At that time, density of sapling-size hardwoods averaged over 2,400 stems ha* on the check area, and that was 8 to 14 times more than sapling-hardwood density on the herbicide or burn areas, respectively. Species richness for dominant hardwoods of seedling size was as follows: check 21 species; prescribed burn = 18 species; and broadcast herbicide = 15 species.