Wildlife mortality resulting from aerial ignition prescribed burning was evaluated in the Lower Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Observers took census of animals leaving the burn to confirm that representative species and densities were present in the study area. Based on the low mortality observed during a systematic post-fire survey, it was concluded that aerial ignition prescribed burning did not cause significant direct mortality to wildlife. © by the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Abstract reproduced by permission. email: seafwa@aol.com