Real-time monitoring and predictive models of vegetation phenology will be developed to assess the current state of greenness of live vegetation as well as predict the timing of greenup and senescence events as a result of future climates. The real-time monitor will be based on satellite observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The phenology monitoring tool based on remote sensing will be coupled with a predictive model derived from surface weather observations to allow the forecasting of the effects of climatic change on vegetation phenology using data from General Circulation Models which simulate future climatic conditions. These tools will assess the present and future state of greenness over the Continental United States, Alaska and Hawaii. Both the vegetation monitor and weather-driven model will be in the form that they can be incorporated into the National Fire Danger Rating System (NFDRS) and the Wildland Fire Assessment System (WFAS), which would then be able to provide better estimates of current and future fire hazard potential to meet both immediate and long-term fire an land management objectives.